CIBTAC AND CIDESCO EXAMS with complete solutions.

Local Infection An infection that is confined to one area e.g. pimple or boil General Infection An infection that has spread to all parts of the body e.g. blood poisoning Brainpower Read More Cross Infection The transfer of infection from one individual to another by direct contact or shared utensils (indirect) Immunity Protection against certain types of invading bacteria or toxic substances once they have entered the body. It involves the ability to recognise, memorise and respond. It can be inborn or acquired. Natural Immunity Natural exposure to disease forming organisms that the body fights off and produces antibodies to prevent reinfection. Artificial Immunity Deliberate exposure through vaccination. Antibodies are formed and immunity is built up. Toxin Poison consisting of complex chemical substances that enter the blood stream or skin tissue. Pus Yellowish fluid that oozes from a wound. It contains blood and body cells and dead/living bacteria. Aerobic Bacteria Needs oxygen to survive. Anaerobic Bacteria Does not need oxygen to survive. Filterable Viruses So small, they can pass through pores of porcelain filters. Hygiene Principles of maintaining health. Sterilisation Process of making an object germ free. - Killing. Sterile Free from all micro organisms. Sterilise Act of making an object germ free. Sanitation Measures carried to promote public health and prevent spread of infection. - Prevents Growth. Sanitise To render object clean and sanitary. Asepsis/Aseptic Condition of being free of all pathogenic bacteria. Sepsis/Septic Condition of being infected by pathogenic bacteria. Antiseptic Chemical agent that may destroy or retard growth of bacteria. Not as strong as disinfectant and can be used on the skin. Disinfectant Chemical agent that has the power to destroy bacteria. Not generally used on the skin. Disinfect Destroy bacteria on any object. Fumigant Vapour used to keep sterile objects sanitary, in a container or drawer. Bactericide/germicide Chemical agent having the power to destroy bacteria/germs. Contagious When a disease is transmitted by direct or indirect contact. Wet Sanitiser Where objects are completely immersed in a disinfectant. Before use objects must be washed thoroughly with hot water and detergent then rinsed. Once removed from a sanitiser they must be rinsed and placed in dry cabinet sanitiser. Dry Sanitiser Airtight cabinets containing fumigant or UV