Group Dynamics Exam #1 questions and answers

group dynamics the influential actions, processes, and changes that occur within and between groups network a set of interpersonally interconnected individuals or groups social identity an invidiual's sense of self derived from relationships and memberships in groups; also those aspects of the self that are assumed to be common to most or all of the members of the same group interdependence mutual dependence, as when one's outcomes, actions, thoughts, feelings, and experiences are influenced in some degree, by other people primary group small, intimate clusters of close associates, such as family members, good friends, or clique of peers. these groups are profoundly influenced the behavior, feelings, and judgements of their members due to their frequent interaction with one another. the group is an important part of their lives social group less intimate, more public settings, larger, more formally organized groups. relationships are shorter in their duration and less emotionally involved. more permeable members leave and join. often task-oriented such as teams, clubs, committees, choirs, military troops, ect. collective larger, more spontaneous and looser forms of association among people such as an audience, mob, people waiting in a line social category a collection of individuals who are similar to one another in some way group mind collective consciousness: a hypothetical unifying mental force linking group members together ex. cult, violent mobs, terrorist, extremist, ect entiativity the extent a group seems to be a single, unified entity cluster analysis ask people about characteristics of a group thomas theorom if people define a group as real, they are real in their consequences level of analysis group v. individual analysis group-level analysis that groups and their processes have a profound impact on their members (sociological view) individual-level analysis behavior of each group member contributes to the attitudes, motivations, or personality were the true determinants of social behavior (psychologically) group fallacy "the group felt" "the group thought" an individual can be said to "think or feel" but to say that a group does these things has no meaning beyond saying that "so many individuals do them" group development orientation, conflict, structure, performance, dissolution group development: orientation(forming) exchange of personal/background information, uncertainty, tentative communication group development: conflict(storming) dis-satisfaction, disagreement, challenges to leader and procedures, cliques form group development: structure(norming) cohesiveness, agreement on procedures,standards, and roles, contemplation, improved communication group development: performance concentrate on work being done, decision making, cooperation group development: dissolution departure, withdrawl, regret task interaction plan, organize, achieve specific goal relationship interaction support or bullying +/_ roles the position each member contributes to the group based on skill, personality, capability, ect. norms cultural, societal standards of behavior(implicit/explicit) unstructured observation giving a general description structured observation creating systematic recording and classification methods for each overt expression or activity of the group observation watching and recording what you see within individual and the group participant observation join the group while observing: detailed, specific, can have observer biases and may interfere with the original group dynamic and issues with invading the privacy of members overt observation participants know they are being watched Hawthorne effect behave differently when being watched covert observation do not know being watched qualitative study non-numerical, text, and verbal descriptions quantitative study numeric data (statistics) interaction process analysis classifying each observed behavior into 12 groups SYMLOG(systematic multiple level observation of groups) newer version of IPA which generates more global summaries of group behavior into 26 categories, relationships that occur over time self-report measures an assessment method that ask respondents their feelings, attitudes, or beliefs sociometry a method of measuring the relationships among members of a group and summarizing them with a graph by asking group members one or more questions about the other members sociogram graphic representation of the social status/likability/relationship of members in a group: popular (most votes), isolates(least votes), unpopulars(barely any votes), pairs(always votes for one another), clusters(small group/clique), fringers(pair that votes for one another and isolates themselves from the rest of the group)-->starting point to make changes in a group