UF NUR3196 Pharm-Patho Exam 1 quizzes 2024

Explain the interdisciplinary nature of pharmacology - Everyone in the health care team uses it and studies it. Began with chemists isolating substances and then evolved into pharmacologists studying the drug effects in animals. Today, nurses and doctors all consult with pharmacists about their patients. 3 General categories of medications - Drugs, Biologics or Biosimilars, and CAM (complementary or alternative medicine therapy) 2 Ways to classify drugs - Therapeutic: clearly states what a particular drug does clinically. For example: antidepressant. Pharmacological: addresses a drugs mechanism of actions aka how the drug produces its effect on the body. For example: calcium channel blockers treat this disorder by decreasing cardiac contractility. A drugs pharmacological classification is more specific than a therapeutic classification and required more in depth knowledge of science to understand. The 3 basic types of drug names - Chemical: assigned using standard nomenclature established by the Internation Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC). A drug has only one chemical name. EX: 7-chloro-1, 3-dihydro-1-methyl ... Generic: a name for a drug assigned by the U.S. Adoptive Name council. Usually less complicated and easier to remember than chemical names. EX: ibuprofen Trade: Short and easy to remember, is assigned by the company marketing the drug. Sometimes also called the proprietary, product, or brand name. EX: Advil Summarize the role of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) - The FDA has many different departments with different roles. In 1988, the FDA was officially established. The FDA's main role is "responsible for protecting the public health by assuring the safety, efficacy and security of human and veterinary drugs, biological products, medical devices, our nation's food supply, cosmetics, and products that emit radiation" Center for drug evaluation and research - the branch of the FDA has control over if prescription/over the counter drugs may be used for therapy. Their mission is "facilitating the availability of safe, effective drugs; keeping unsafe or ineffective drugs off the market; improving the health of Americans; and providing clear, easily understandable drug information for safe and effective use". Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research - This branch of the FDA regulates the use of biologics, including serums, vaccines, and blood products. Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition (CFSAN) - This branch of the FDA oversees administration of herbal products and dietary supplements Define drug Schedules 1-5 - Scheduled drugs are classified according to their potential for abuse. Schedule 1 drugs have the highest potential for abuse and schedule 5 drugs have the lowest potential. Schedule 1 drugs are restricted for use in situations if medically necessary, if at all allowed. They have little or no therapeutic value and are only intended for research purposes. Schedule 5 is the only category in which some drugs may be dispensed without a prescription because the quantities of controlled drug are so low there is little possibility of causing dependence. Schedule 1 EX: heroin, LSD, weed Schedule 2 EX: oxycodone, fentanyl, meth, cocaine Schedule 3 EX: products with less than 15 mg of hydrocodone, ketamine Schedule 4 EX: diazepam, lorazepam Schedule 5 EX: cough medicine containing no more than 200mg of codeine per 100mL