Forces - Physics - IGCSE – CIE Graded A+

Forces - Physics - IGCSE – CIE Graded A+ 1. Force - Force is a push or pull applied to an object. 2. Forces - Forces can change the shape, size, speed, and direction of an object. 3. Newton - The Newton is the SI unit of force. 4. Newton's First Law - Newton's first law states that an object at rest will remain at rest, and an object in motion will remain in motion unless acted upon by an unbalanced force. 5. Newton's Second Law - Newton's second law describes how the acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the force applied to it and inversely proportional to its mass. - ( F = ma ) 6. Newton's Third Law - Newton's third law states that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. 7. Hooke's Law - Hooke's Law states that the extension of a spring or elastic object is directly proportional to the force applied to it. - ( F = -kx ) 8. Weight - Weight is the measure of the force of gravity acting on an object. 9. Mass - Mass is a measure of the amount of matter in an object. 10. Gravitational Field Strength - Gravitational field strength is the force experienced per unit mass due to gravity. - On Earth, this is approximately 10 N/kg. This structure should help in understanding the fundamental concepts related to force, Newton's laws, Hooke's Law, weight, mass, and gravitational field strength. Centripetal force ️A force that causes an object to move in a circle Vector ️A quantity that has magnitude and direction. eg velocity or acceleration Scalar ️A physical quantity that has magnitude only. eg Temperature or speed. Free fall ️the motion of a falling object when the only force acting on it is gravity Air resistance ️The force that opposes the motion of objects through air Moment ️A turning force. Calculated by Force x perpendicular distance to the pivot