Endocrine System Review Questions And Answers With Latest Quiz

acromegaly - Hypersecretion of the GH in adults which causes an overgrowth of bones in the hands, feet, and face adrenal gland - one of a pair of ductless glands, located above the kidneys, consisting of a cortex, which produces steroidal hormones, and a medulla, which produces epinephrine and norepinephrine. adrenocorticotropic hormone - A peptide hormone released from the anterior pituitary, it stimulates the production and secretion of steroid hormones by the adrenal cortex. aldosterone - a corticosteroid hormone that is secreted by the cortex of the adrenal gland, regulates mineral balance in blood and controls fluid volumes antidiuretic hormone - hormone secreted by the posterior pituitary gland which aids in water reabsorption by the kidney calcitonin - Produced by the thyroid gland and decreases the blood calcium levels by stimulating calcium deposit in the bones. The antagonist of the parathyroid hormone. cortex - outer part of kidney which produces corticosteroids; helps body deal with longtern stress cortisol - secreted from the adrenal cortex, aids the body during stress by regulating glucose, carbohydrates, and fat levels Cushing syndrome - excessive production of cortisol by adrenal cortex with symptoms of abnormal fat deposits and wasting away of muscle diabetes - a condition in which the pancreas fails to produce enough insulin or the body's cells cannot use it properly, characterized by excessive thirst, weight loss/gain, frequent rine system - a collection of glands and groups of cells thats secrete hormones that regulate growth,development, and homeostsis estrogen - a general term for female steroid sex hormones that are secreted by the ovary and responsible for typical female sexual characteristics follicle stimulating hormone - secreted in increasing amounts during puberty, by the anterior pituitary gland, to stimulate development of reproductive cell follicles glucagon - hormone secreted by alpha cells of the pancreas; raises blood glucose levels growth hormone - hormone secreted by anterior pituitary gland that stimulates growth of bones hormones - chemical "messengers" of the endocrine system that are released into the blood hypersecretion - excessive hormone production by an endocrine gland hyposecretion - deficient hormone production by an endocrine gland hypothalamus - part of the brain which links the endocine and nervous system, and controls the pituitary gland. insulin - a hormone secreted by the beta cells of the Islets of Langerhans of the pancreas responsible for regulating the metabolism of glucose luteinizing hormone - A protein hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary that stimulates ovulation in females and androgen production in males. medulla - inner part of kidney which produces epineprine and norepinephrinemelatonin - Hormone secreted by the pineal gland, used to regulate sleep patterns. negative feedback - a response that opposes the original stimulus one messenger model - mechanism of hormone action used by steroid hormones which bring their message directly into the cell osteoporosis - a condition in which the body's bones become weak and break easily; may be caused by hypersecretion of parahormone