N221 MedSurg Final Exam Questions with Correct Answers

Functions of the gallbladderconcentrates bile stores bile releases bile when food moves into intestines cholelithiasisgallstones: hardened cholesterol stones formed from bile crystallization Can be caused by abnormalities in composition of bile, stasis in bile, or inflammation of gallbladder Cholelithiasis risk factorsObesity/DM Female Multiple pregnancies weight fluctuations oral contraceptive use genetics s/s of cholelithiasisAsymptomatic (until obstruction). When obstruction occurs s/s= Colicky pain (intermittent, RUQ. Can radiate to shoulder). Pain often precipitated by a meal. Nausea, vomiting, gas. Sweating. Jaundice, dark urine, pale stools (when bilirubin are released in urine and not making way into digestion system diagnosing cholelithiasisPrimarily-- ultrasonography MRCP ERCP: diagnose and treat by removing some stones Nursing care for ERCPPre-procedure -NPO -Receive moderate sedation Post-Procedure -Monitor for respiratory sedation -Monitor for CNS depression -Monitor vitals -N/V care -Monitor for early s/s of sepsis -monitor for return of gag reflux before nutrition is started