MIC 130 Exam #1 Study Questions and Answers Top Rated 2024 Graded A

What causes smallpox and how transmitted? - Cause: a virus Transmitted by: aerosol, contact with contaminated material How did smallpox come to the New World? - Christopher Columbus' second journey (1492), could have came with slaves Smallpox in the Americas prior to 1775 - How prevalent? - numerous smallpox epidemics, depopulated North America Where was inoculation done in the Americas? - Was outlawed in some colonies, was okay in middle colonies. Many military men were inoculated. Done in the arm. Immunity of lack of immunity Continental Army vs. British - Continentals: were not immune British: immune Three early Revolutionary War campaigns affected by smallpox - Siege of Boston - Bunker Hill Ethiopian Regiment Siege of Quebec What were the issues of smallpox and the Continental Congress? - delegates were at serious risk of getting sick, stopped inoculations for congress, one delegate died, others were inoculated upon arrival How did smallpox spread through New Spain? - Spread through trade Impact of smallpox on the Hudson Bay Company? - Did not get as many furs because the American Indian tribes were dying off, which could not get the furs Impact of smallpox among the Native American tribes of North America? - spread trough trade, eliminated many tribes and infected them all differently Major impacts of Smallpox in North America - Spread through the entire country and killed many people, caused conflict with war What causes plague? - Yersinia pestis which is a bacteria How is plague transmitted to humans? - flea bites What are the three forms of plague and symptoms? - 1. Bubonic (bubo - swollen lympnodes) 2. Systemic (blackening of skin) 3. Pneumonic (fluid in lungs all have fever, chills, cough Define Epidemic, Pandemic, and Endemic - Epidemic - excessive increase in disease in one area Pandemic - an epidemic moves beyond a wide area that affects the population Endemic - low or moderate base level of disease What century did each of the global pandemics of plague arise? - Justinian Plague - 6th Century Black Plague - 14th Century Chinese Plague - 19th Century Justinian's Plague affected which empire? - Byzatine Empire (Eastern Roman Empire), started in Constantinople Consequences of Justinian's Plague on the world? - Millions died, 40% of Constantinople - 100 million total 5,000 people died a day moved to Northern Africa, Asia, Europe Tax collection fell Empire never went on offense again Brought of the Dark Ages How did the Black Death Plague start? - Rats Siege of Caffa - Mongol army threw dead plague victims over the walls of city causing a epidemic -fleeing citizens spread the disease What is quarantine and how was it applied? - staying confined for a certain amount of time to beat disease it was applied to people on ships, they waited 40 days, held yellow and black flag over boat voluntary and enforced isolation Who are the Flagellants (Brothers of the Cross)? - went around cities blaming Jews for the plague, hit themselves with scourges (whips) Consequences of the Black Death Plague on the world? - up to 50% of Europe died turned society from land-base to money-base restructuring of society Renaissance was born end of Dark Ages loss of faith Where did the Chinese Plague start? - Yunnan Province, 1855 Consequences of the Chinese Plague on the world? - cause of the last dynasty, spread to San Francisco, moved to India Where did SARS originate? - Guangdong Province of China What does the acronym SARS stand for? - Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome What are pivotal times or events in the SARS pandemic? - November 22, 2003 when Chinese doctor causes outbreak in Hong Kong People leave hotel going to Toronto, Singapore, Vietnam March 4 - Chinese doctor dies