HK 100 Exam 1 Questions and Answers 2024/2025

thin filaments have - ANS-actin thick filaments have - ANS-myosin sliding filament hypothesis - ANS-overlapping areas slide toward each other in a muscle fiber cross-bridge hypothesis - ANS-myosin connects to binding sites / calcium released concentric contraction - ANS-muscle shortens eccentric contraction - ANS-muscle lengthens isometric contraction - ANS-muscle doesn't change delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS) - ANS-muscle soreness that develops 24-48 hours after exercise / caused by microscopic tears in myofibrils what contractions cause more soreness? - ANS-eccentric aerobic phosphagen - ANS-immediate energy ATP, PCr, or glucose anaerobic glycolytic - ANS-no oxygen required glycogen or glucose oxidative - ANS-requires oxygen glycogen, fat, or protein aerobic power is - ANS-VO2 Max VO2 max - ANS-ability to continue exercising for long durations anaerobic power - ANS-max power that can be achieved in all out exercise components of VO2 max uptake - ANS-pulmonary function blood flow cardiovascular function components of pulmonary ventilation - ANS-respiratory rate tidal volume components of cardiovascular function - ANS-cardiac output stroke volume heart rate what happens to the blood flow in the muscles with exercise? - ANS-more exercise, increases the blood flow to the working muscles muscle fiber types - ANS-slow twitch fast twitch a fast twitch b slow twitch fibers (oxidative) - ANS-small produces low levels of force resistant to fatique high oxidative capacity fast twitch a (oxidative glycolytic) - ANS-large produces high levels of force moderately high oxidative capacity fast twitch b (glycolytic) - ANS-large produces high levels of force low levels of oxidative capacity muscle hypertrophy - ANS-increase in muscle size caused by strength training neural adaptations - ANS-enhances synchronous recruitment of motor units endurance exercise training ______ the number of capillaries in the muscles and _______ the size of the resistance and conduit arteries. - ANS-increases; increases peak VO2 - ANS-highest rate at which a child can consume O2 during exercise what are three main differences that can happen between male and female? - ANS-pulmonary changes cardiac function changes peripheral adjustments why study biomechanics? - ANS-improves performance prevents/treats injuries biomechanics - ANS-the science of physical principles applied to biologic systems; study of how the skeletal and musculature systems work under different conditions kinematics - ANS-description of the temporal and spatial components of movement / motion description kinetics - ANS-the study of the forces acting on an object / causes of motion components of kinematics - ANS-motion distance speed velocity acceleration speed is _______, while velocity is ______. - ANS-distance; displacement speed = - ANS-distance / time acceleration = - ANS-(Vf-Vi)/t components of kinetics - ANS-magnitude direction point of application li