ATLS (Advanced Trauma Life Support)
Practice/ 234 Questions & Answers/
2024-2025.
Most common cause of laryngotracheal stenosis - Answer: Trauma
Intervention that can help prevent development of acute renal failure - Answer:
Infusion of normal saline
A 26-year-old male is resuscitated with blood transfusion after a motor vehicle
collision that was complicated by a fractured pelvis. A few hours later, the patient
becomes febrile, hypotensive with a normal CVP, and oliguric. Upon examination,
Class IV hemorrhage indicates what % blood loss - Answer: 55%
,How does shivering affect body temperature - Answer: Increases body
temperature
Class III hemorrhage indicates what % of blood loss - Answer: 35%
Management of a stable patient with kidney contusion - Answer: Observation
Associated with hypovolemic shock - Answer: -Inadequate tissue perfusion with
resultant tissue hypoxia
-Blood shunting to vital organs
-Decreased circulating blood volume and decreased venous return
-Low cardiac output
-Loss of less than 20% of the blood volume is usually without symptom except for
mild tachycardia
-Patients become orthostatic with losses between 20 and 40%
-Shock is evidenced by tachycardia, hypotension, oliguria, flat neck veins
The most effective method of monitoring the success of resuscitation during CPR?
- Answer: Reactivity of pupils to light
Used to ensure correct placement of endotracheal tube - Answer: -Ultrasound
-Bilateral breath sounds
-Sustained end-tidal CO2
,Total body surface area involved in a burn in an adult to the anterior chest and
abdomen - Answer: 18%
What is often caused by carotid massage? - Answer: Bradycardia
Step in a patient diagnosed with tension pneumothorax - Answer: 1. Needle
decompression/ thoracotomy
2. Chest tube
True statements regarding diaphragmatic injuries - Answer: -Blunt diaphragmatic
injuries are usually associated with skeletal trauma
-Penetrating diaphragmatic injuries may be missed
-Repair of traumatic diaphragmatic injuries usually does not require prosthetic
material
First priority in the treatment of an unconscious patient - Answer: Checking the
pulse
A patient involved in a road accident is brought to the emergency department in
an unconscious state. On arrival, her vitals show a temperature of 96.4 degrees
Fahrenheit, a respiration rate of 24 breaths per minute, a heart rate of 140 beats
per minute, and a blood pressure of 80/40 mm Hg. She is cold, shivering, and
perspiring profusely. She has bilateral reactive pupils but she does not respond to
pain. On physical examination, she has no obvious sign of external bleeding.
Which of the following cannot be the cause of hypotension in this patient?
, A. Pelvic fracture
B. Fracture of femur
C. Intracranial hemorrhage
D. Hemothorax - Answer: C. Intracranial hemorrhage
A patient suffered a slash to his right neck. The wound is over the mid-portion of
the sternocleidomastoid. There is a large hematoma and brisk bleeding when
uncovered. He is stable. What is the next step in management?
A. Get an angiogram
B. Close the wound in the ER
C. Take him to the operating room
D. CT scan to evaluate neck structure - Answer: C. Take him to the OR
After abdominal injury, which of the following urinalysis findings would be an
indication for further testing?
A. 0-5 casts/HPF
B. 5-10 WBC/HPF
C. 10-20 RBC/HPF
D. Gross hematuria - Answer: D. Gross hematuria
A laceration of the neck superficial to the deep cervical fascia along the
sternocleidomastoid muscle at its midpoint would cause bleeding from which
structure? - Answer: External jugular vein
Practice/ 234 Questions & Answers/
2024-2025.
Most common cause of laryngotracheal stenosis - Answer: Trauma
Intervention that can help prevent development of acute renal failure - Answer:
Infusion of normal saline
A 26-year-old male is resuscitated with blood transfusion after a motor vehicle
collision that was complicated by a fractured pelvis. A few hours later, the patient
becomes febrile, hypotensive with a normal CVP, and oliguric. Upon examination,
Class IV hemorrhage indicates what % blood loss - Answer: 55%
,How does shivering affect body temperature - Answer: Increases body
temperature
Class III hemorrhage indicates what % of blood loss - Answer: 35%
Management of a stable patient with kidney contusion - Answer: Observation
Associated with hypovolemic shock - Answer: -Inadequate tissue perfusion with
resultant tissue hypoxia
-Blood shunting to vital organs
-Decreased circulating blood volume and decreased venous return
-Low cardiac output
-Loss of less than 20% of the blood volume is usually without symptom except for
mild tachycardia
-Patients become orthostatic with losses between 20 and 40%
-Shock is evidenced by tachycardia, hypotension, oliguria, flat neck veins
The most effective method of monitoring the success of resuscitation during CPR?
- Answer: Reactivity of pupils to light
Used to ensure correct placement of endotracheal tube - Answer: -Ultrasound
-Bilateral breath sounds
-Sustained end-tidal CO2
,Total body surface area involved in a burn in an adult to the anterior chest and
abdomen - Answer: 18%
What is often caused by carotid massage? - Answer: Bradycardia
Step in a patient diagnosed with tension pneumothorax - Answer: 1. Needle
decompression/ thoracotomy
2. Chest tube
True statements regarding diaphragmatic injuries - Answer: -Blunt diaphragmatic
injuries are usually associated with skeletal trauma
-Penetrating diaphragmatic injuries may be missed
-Repair of traumatic diaphragmatic injuries usually does not require prosthetic
material
First priority in the treatment of an unconscious patient - Answer: Checking the
pulse
A patient involved in a road accident is brought to the emergency department in
an unconscious state. On arrival, her vitals show a temperature of 96.4 degrees
Fahrenheit, a respiration rate of 24 breaths per minute, a heart rate of 140 beats
per minute, and a blood pressure of 80/40 mm Hg. She is cold, shivering, and
perspiring profusely. She has bilateral reactive pupils but she does not respond to
pain. On physical examination, she has no obvious sign of external bleeding.
Which of the following cannot be the cause of hypotension in this patient?
, A. Pelvic fracture
B. Fracture of femur
C. Intracranial hemorrhage
D. Hemothorax - Answer: C. Intracranial hemorrhage
A patient suffered a slash to his right neck. The wound is over the mid-portion of
the sternocleidomastoid. There is a large hematoma and brisk bleeding when
uncovered. He is stable. What is the next step in management?
A. Get an angiogram
B. Close the wound in the ER
C. Take him to the operating room
D. CT scan to evaluate neck structure - Answer: C. Take him to the OR
After abdominal injury, which of the following urinalysis findings would be an
indication for further testing?
A. 0-5 casts/HPF
B. 5-10 WBC/HPF
C. 10-20 RBC/HPF
D. Gross hematuria - Answer: D. Gross hematuria
A laceration of the neck superficial to the deep cervical fascia along the
sternocleidomastoid muscle at its midpoint would cause bleeding from which
structure? - Answer: External jugular vein
