Genetic Engineering
What is genetic engineering? - correct answer-The artificial alteration or manipulation of
genes
What does the process of genetic engineering involve? - correct answer-Removing a target
gene from one organism and inserting it into the DNA of another organism
What is altered DNA called? - correct answer-Recombinant DNA
What is the name for the organism the altered DNA is placed into? - correct answer-A
genetically modified organism
What is an organism that receives DNA from another species called? - correct
answer-Transgenic
What 6 processes used in genetic engineering? - correct answer-Isolation, cutting, ligation,
transformation, cloning, expression
What occurs during isolation? - correct answer-The human DNA and the bacterial DNA are
removed from their cells
What happens during cutting? - correct answer-The human DNA and plasmid DNA are cut
open using the same restriction enzyme
Why are restriction enzymes called that? - correct answer-Because the enzyme is restricted
to cutting DNA at a specific base sequence
What happens during ligation? - correct answer-The target gene is placed into the DNA of
the plasmid or cloning vector and joins on to it
What happens during transformation? - correct answer-The DNA is taken up by the cell
What happens during cloning? - correct answer-Identical copies of the bacterium are
produced
What happens during expression? - correct answer-The process of getting the organism with
the recombinant DNA to produce the desired product
Give an example of genetic engineering in plants? - correct answer-Commercially grown
plants have been genetically engineered so they contain a gene that makes them resistant
to weed killers, meaning they affect the weeds but not the crop
Give an example of genetic engineering in animals? - correct answer-A human gene can be
inserted into a sheep's zygote which allows the sheep to produce a clotting protein needed
by haemophiliacs to clot their blood
What is genetic engineering? - correct answer-The artificial alteration or manipulation of
genes
What does the process of genetic engineering involve? - correct answer-Removing a target
gene from one organism and inserting it into the DNA of another organism
What is altered DNA called? - correct answer-Recombinant DNA
What is the name for the organism the altered DNA is placed into? - correct answer-A
genetically modified organism
What is an organism that receives DNA from another species called? - correct
answer-Transgenic
What 6 processes used in genetic engineering? - correct answer-Isolation, cutting, ligation,
transformation, cloning, expression
What occurs during isolation? - correct answer-The human DNA and the bacterial DNA are
removed from their cells
What happens during cutting? - correct answer-The human DNA and plasmid DNA are cut
open using the same restriction enzyme
Why are restriction enzymes called that? - correct answer-Because the enzyme is restricted
to cutting DNA at a specific base sequence
What happens during ligation? - correct answer-The target gene is placed into the DNA of
the plasmid or cloning vector and joins on to it
What happens during transformation? - correct answer-The DNA is taken up by the cell
What happens during cloning? - correct answer-Identical copies of the bacterium are
produced
What happens during expression? - correct answer-The process of getting the organism with
the recombinant DNA to produce the desired product
Give an example of genetic engineering in plants? - correct answer-Commercially grown
plants have been genetically engineered so they contain a gene that makes them resistant
to weed killers, meaning they affect the weeds but not the crop
Give an example of genetic engineering in animals? - correct answer-A human gene can be
inserted into a sheep's zygote which allows the sheep to produce a clotting protein needed
by haemophiliacs to clot their blood
