ATI TEAS PRACTICE A Complete Questions And Verified Correct Answers Guaranteed Success.

Which of the following is a characteristic of the human organism? a. Autotrophic with a genome stored in DNA b. Heterotroph with a genome stored DNA c. Autotrophic with a genome stored in RNA d. Heterotrophic with a genome stored in RNA - correct answer Heterotroph with a genome stored DNA; Humans consume & human genes are encoded in DNA Which of the following represents the chromosomal composition of a normal human zygote? a. 23 b. 46 chromosomes c. 69 d. 92 - correct answer The fusion of a sperm with 23 chromosomes and an egg with 23 chromosomes would result in a zygote with 46 chromosomes. Ca + H2SO4 Which correctly describes the product of the reaction above? a. Calcium sulfate b. Hydrogen sulfide c. Calcium sulfide d. Hydrogen sulfate - correct answer Calcium Sulfate; Calcium and sulfuric acid react to produce calcium sulfate and hydrogen gas. Which of the following organs is the site of blood filtration? a. kidney b. heart c. lung d. brain - correct answer the kidneys filter blood (heat pumps, lung oxygenates they don't filter blood) Which is responsible for transporting nutrient, wastes and other substances throughout the human body? a. Respiratory b. Immune c. Nervous d. Circulatory - correct answer Circulatory; (the heart pumping blood through the arteries, capillaries, & veins provides the means of transporting substances throughout the body) Which is an ex. of positive feedback? a. Oxytocin causes an increase in uterine muscle contractions, ultimately causing the posterior pituitary to release more oxytocin. b. An increase in blood glucose level causes the release of insulin, which results in the lowering of glucose levels in the blood and halting the release of insulin. c. A drop in body temperature causes the hypothalamus to activate warming mechanisms, which results in the increase of body temperature. d. An increase in blood osmolarity causes the release of ADH, which causes urine to become more concentrated and osmolarity to decrease - correct answer a. (When a response reinforces a stimulus, causing an even greater response, positive feedback is occurring) The bands in muscle sarcomere are formed by actin and which other proteins? a. Myosin b. Dynein c. Keratin d. Laminin - correct answer Myosin (contains "heads" that contact actin and pull the actin fibres together in an ATP-dependent mechanism that causes muscles to contract) Which chemical compounds prevents the lungs from collapsing? a. mucus b. surfactant c. enzymes d. buffers - correct answer Surfactants (are lipopolysaccharides that have a hydrophobic and hydrophilic layer. They keep the lungs inflated) A. Surfactants are lipopolysaccharides that have a hydrophobic and hydrophilic layer. They keep the lungs inflated. C. Enzymes are a catalytic protein and do not prevent the lungs from collapsing. D. Buffers maintain acid-base balance and are not involved in lung function) Type I diabetes is associated with ______ a. Estrogen b. Insulin c. Testosterone d. Thyroxine - correct answer Type I diabetes is a disease that is caused by the absence of insulin. Unlike skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle is highly resistant to lactate-mediated fatigue because cardiac muscle: A. uses aerobic respiration in mitochondria for energy B. operates with electrical energy supplied by the sinoatrial (SA) node C. primarily metabolizes glucose using the fermentation pathway D. does not need oxygen for the production of energy - correct answer A (Aerobic respiration (oxidative respiration) is almost exclusively used by the heart. The byproducts of this type of respiration are water (H2O) and carbon dioxide (CO2), not lactate) The nephridium in worms has a function most similar to which of the organs in humans? a. Liver b. Spleen c. Lymph nodes d. Kidney - correct answer d. Kidney (Nephridia in segmented worms operate similarly to the nephron of the kidneys. Nephrons in the kidneys contain a collecting tubule that aids in urine production) what connect two bones together? a. Ligament b. Tendon c. Marrow d. Muscle - correct answer A (Ligaments connect bones together) which of the cell types provides a waterproofing function for the outer layers of the skin? a. Melanocytes b. Keratinocytes c. Merkel cells d. Langerhans cells - correct answer B (Keratinocytes contain the protein keratin. They are produced in the epidermis and migrate upwards. The tight junctions between cells prevent water entry. They eventually form a layer of dead cells on the skin surface, which produces a waterproofing effect. Melanocytes - correct answer produce melanin(absorbs UV light) in the lowest layer of the epidermis skin(basal layer) Merkel cells - correct answer touch receptors in the skin (sense touch & pressure) Langerhans cells - correct answer epidermal macrophages that help activate the immune system The shape of the villi & microvilli facilitates______? a. Pushing food along the intestine via ciliary motion of villi b. Creating barriers to food movement to increase digestion time c. Decreasing surface area for absorption d. Increasing surface area for absorption - correct answer D. (The folds increase the surface area, allowing more nutrients to be absorbed and delivered to the blood stream) Which arteries directly supplies oxygenated blood to the reproductive system? a. Common carotid artery b. Gonadal artery c. Femoral artery d. Subclavian artery - correct answer B. (The gonadal artery is the primary artery that supplies oxygenated blood to the gonads and male reproductive system. It is called the testicular artery in males and the ovarian artery in females.) femoral artery - correct answer supplied oxygenated blood to the lower limbs (legs) subclavian artery - correct answer supplies oxygenated blood to the upper limbs (arms) common carotid artery - correct answer (side of neck) supplies oxygenated blood to the head which of the following produces progesterone to prepare the uterus for pregnancy? a. Endometrium b. Cervix c. Corpus Luteum d. Fallopian tubes - correct answer C. (The corpus luteum refers to the remnant of the graafian follicle. It secretes progesterone to prepare the uterus for the pregnancy) Fallopian tubes - correct answer tubes which carry eggs from the ovaries to the uterus & provides the place where fertilization occurs endometrium - correct answer inner lining of the uterus A person is suddenly frightened. What occurs next? a. Liver cells absorb glucose from the blood stream. b. Blood vessels supplying skeletal muscles constrict. c. Blood vessels supplying the intestines dilate. d. Liver cells release glucose into the blood stream. - correct answer D (Epinephrine causes liver cells to break down glycogen, which causes an increase in sugar in the blood stream) which are sesamoid bones? a. Phalanges b. Patellae c. Scapulae d. Metatarsals - correct answer B (Patellae are sesamoid bones, which develop in response to strain. Patellae are also considered short bones.) sesamoid bones - correct answer small, round bones found near joints (e.g., the patella) phalanges and metatarsals are - correct answer long bones bc their length is greater than their width Which of these glands is the primary producer of insulin? a. Thyroid b. Adrenal c. Pituitary d. Pancreas - correct answer D (The pancreas produces insulin) adrenal glands - correct answer produce cortisol & stress hormones pituitary gland - correct answer regulates growth and controls other endocrine glands. Which gland primarily supplies hair shafts & skin with oily secretions? a. Eccrine gland b. Apocrine gland c. Sebaceous gland d. Ceruminous gland - correct answer C (Sebaceous glands produce sebum, which supplies hair shafts and skin with oily secretions) apocrine glands - correct answer (sweat glands) found in groin and armpits and produce sweat and scent. Ceruminous glands - correct answer waxy secretion in the earwax eccrine (merocrine) glands - correct answer distributed across the surface of the skin and produce a dilute, salty sweat. (palms, forehead) A pregnant woman who is a chain smoker has been diagnosed with lung cancer. Her concern is if she passed on the cancer to her child. Which is correct? A) Children do not use their lungs until they are born, so the cancer cannot pass to the child before birth. B) The cancer could pass from mother to fetus through blood, but anticancer medications can prevent the child from developing cancer. C) If the pregnant mother undergoes treatment for lung cancer, both she and the child can be cured. D) The cancer will not be transmitted to the child. - correct answer D (Only germline mutations are transmitted, so the lung cancer, a somatic mutation, will not be passed to the child) somatic mutation - correct answer A mutation that occurs in the body cells. Cannot be inherited. (lung cancer) germline mutation - correct answer (are transmitted) DNA alteration occurring in gametes that can be transmitted to offspring Stores of subcutaneous fat can be found in which of the following layers on the skin in the human body? A. Epidermis B. Dermis C. Hypodermis D. Dermal Papillae - correct answer C (The hypodermis contains stores of subcutaneous fat as well as deeper blood vessels) Demyelinization results in? A. Inhibited detection of a stimulus at the dendrites of a nerve cell B. Disrupted propagation of an action potential along the axon of a nerve cell C. Inhibited uptake of neurotransmitters at the synapse of a nerve cell D. Disrupted ability of the Na+/K+ pumps to depolarize a cell - correct answer B (The myelin sheath, which is a lipid-based structure, insulates the axon, allowing rapid electrical conduction of the action potential down the axon. Deterioration of the myelin sheath disrupts this process) Demyelinization - correct answer destruction, removal, or loss of the myelin sheath of a nerve or nerves. which of the