WGU C215 Study Guide Questions + Answers Graded A+

Aggregate Plans - Includes the budgeted levels of finished products, inventory, backlogs, workforce size, and aggregate production rate needed to support the marketing plan. Batch Processes - A type of process used to produce a small quantity of products in groups or batches based on customer orders or specifications. Block Plan - Schematic showing the placement of resources in a facility. Bottleneck - Longest task in the process. Capacity Requirements Planning (CRP) - Determines the labor and machine resources needed to fill the open and planned orders generated by the MRP. Continuous Improvement - A philosophy of neverending improvement. Continuous Processes - A type of process that operates continually to produce a high volume of a fully standardized product. Design Capacity - The theoretical maximum output of a system in a given period under ideal conditions. Effective Capacity - The capacity a firm expects to achieve given its current operating constraints. Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) - Large software programs used for planning and coordinating all resources throughout the entire enterprise. Flexible Manufacturing System (FMS) - A type of automated system that combines the flexibility of intermittent operations with the efficiency of continuous operations.From-To Matrix - Table that gives the number of trips or units of product moved between any pair of departments. Hybrid Layouts - Layouts that combine characteristics of process and product layouts. Just-in-Time (JIT) - A philosophy designed to achieve high-volume production through elimination of waste and continuous improvement. Based on a "pull" system rather than a "push" system. The three elements are just-in-time manufacturing, total quality management, and respect for people. Kanban card - A card that specifies the exact quantity of product that needs to be produced. Line Processes - A type of process used to produce a large volume of a standardized product. Location Analysis - proximity to customers, transportation, source of labor, community attitude, proximity to suppliers, and many other factors. Master Production Schedule (MPS) - A plan for individual commodities to be produced in each time period such as production, staffing, inventory, etc. It is usually linked to manufacturing where the plan indicates when and how much of each product will be demanded. It gives production, planning, purchasing, and top management the information needed to plan and control the manufacturing operation. Material Requirements Planning (MRP) - A system that uses the MRP, inventory record data, and BOM to calculate material requirements. Mean Observed Times - The average of the observation times for each of the work elements. Normal Time - The mean observed time multiplied by the performance rating factor by the frequency of occurrence. Output/Input Control - A technique for monitoring the flow of jobs between work centers.Process Capability Index (Cpk) - Basic function of Six Sigma. Measures the process potential and performance of processes. The higher the range of Cpk, the improved is the ability of the process to complete its necessities. Uses both the process variability and the process specifications to determine whether the process is "capable." Project Life Cycle Phases - Initiation, Planning, Execution and Closure. Project Processes - A type of process used to make a one-at-a-time product exactly to customer specifications. Rectilinear Distance - The shortest distance between two locations using north-south and eastwest movements. Relationship Chart (REL) - Table that reflects opinions of managers with regard to the importance of having any two departments close together. Six Sigma - A disciplined, data-driven approach and methodology for eliminating defects (driving toward six standard deviations between the mean and the nearest specification limit) in any process - from manufacturing to transactional and from product to service.