Bio100 Exam 1 Questions and Answers Already Passed

Bio100 Exam 1 Questions and Answers Already Passed **1. What sets discovery-based science apart from hypothesis-driven science?** Discovery-based science focuses on generating new information and hypotheses, while hypothesis-driven science uses deduction and the scientific method to test specific hypotheses. **2. Can you outline the steps involved in the Scientific Method?** 1. Begin with observation. 2. Formulate a question based on the observation. 3. Construct a hypothesis to answer the question. 4. Make predictions based on the hypothesis. 5. Conduct experiments to test these predictions. 6. Analyze and interpret the results of the experiments. 7. Draw conclusions based on the analysis. (Note: A hypothesis is an educated guess, must be testable, and can never be definitively proven.) **3. In scientific studies, which is more beneficial: large or small sample sizes?** Large sample sizes are preferred as they increase the likelihood of detecting significant differences and provide more accurate data. **4. What distinguishes a hypothesis from a scientific theory?** A hypothesis is a proposed explanation for a phenomenon that requires testing, whereas a scientific theory is a well-substantiated explanation supported by extensive evidence and testing over time. **5. Describe the six fundamental characteristics of life with detailed explanations.** 1. Living organisms are composed of cells, the basic structural and functional units of life. Cells can specialize to perform specific functions in multicellular organisms. 2. Sensitivity allows organisms to detect and respond to stimuli in their environment, maintaining internal stability through processes like homeostasis. 3. Reproduction ensures the continuation of species through the production of offspring. 4. Genetic material (DNA) stores information necessary for growth, development, and functioning in all living organisms. 5. Energy processing involves obtaining and utilizing energy to sustain biological processes such as growth, movement, and metabolism. 6. Growth and development involve changes in an organism's structure and function over its lifespan, from single-celled to complex multicellular forms. **6. Define emergent property and explain its significance in the context of life.** Emergent properties are characteristics or behaviors that arise from interactions among simpler components of a system, such as cells forming tissues and organs in multicellular organisms. These properties are critical for functions like growth, reproduction, and adaptation. **7. Why is the capacity to evolve crucial for living organisms?** Evolution enables organisms to adapt to changes in their environment over generations, enhancing their survival and reproductive success through natural selection and genetic variation. How does taxonomy help scientists study life? By providing easily remembered scientific names for organisms. The more features 2 organisms share, the more taxonomic levels they share. Ranks group to similar organisms. Be able to list, in order, the taxonomic hierarchy. Which taxonomic category is the most specific and which is the most general? DomainKingdomPhylumClassOrderFamilyGenusSpecies -Domains are most general and species are specific.