Biochemistry Enzymes REVISION test already verified 100%

enzymes - important biological catalysts Key features: lower activation energy increase rate of reaction (kinetics) do not alter equilibrium constant are not changed or consumed in the reaction (appear in both reactants and products) --> far fewer enzymes are required relative to overall amount of substrate because one enzyme can act on many molecules of substrate over time are pH- and temperature sensitive, with optimal activity at specific pH ranges and temperatures do not affect overall delta G of reaction are specific for a particular reaction or class of reactions catalysts - do not impact thermodynamics of biological reaction. The deltaH(rxn) and equilibrium position do not change. Help reaction proceed at much faster rate enzyme specificity - enzymes are picky Molecules upon which enzyme act are called substrates. A given enzyme will only catalyze a single reaction or class of reactions with these substrates. Oxidoreductases - catalyze oxidation-reduction reactions. The transfer of electrons between biological molecules. Often have a cofactor that acts as electron carrier (i.e. NAD+ and NADP+) Enzymes with dehydrogenase or reductase - oxidoreductasess. Enzymes in which oxygen is final electron acceptor often include oxidase in their names electron donor - reductant