Galen NUR 242 Exam 3 Streb notes questions and answers well illustrated.

Galen NUR 242 Exam 3 Streb notes questions and answers well illustrated. GERD kRisk kfactors kinclude k- k kcorrect kanswer. k k kConsumption kof kfoods ksuch kas kcaffeine, kalcohol, kspicy kor kfried kfoods, kchocolate, kand ktomatoes. kLifestyle kfactors kplay ka kbig kpart kespecially kalcohol kand ksmoking. GERD kthe knursing kassessment kshould kinclude k- k kcorrect kanswer. k k kasking kabout ka khistory kof kheartburn kor katypical kchest kpain kassociated kwith kthe kreflux kof kGI kcontents. GERD kmanifests kdifferently kdepending kon k- k kcorrect kanswer. k k kthe kpatient kand kthe kseverity kof kthe kdisorder GERD kmost kcommon ksymptoms k- k kcorrect kanswer. k k k-Heartburn k(pyrosis) -Dyspepsia k(Indigestion) (May kbe kdescribed kas ksubsternal kburning kmoving kup kand kdown kthe kchest) GERD kpain kusually kdevelops kwithin k- k kcorrect kanswer. k k k30-60 kminutes kafter kmeals Severe kheartburn kpain kcan kradiate kto kthe kneck, kjaw, kor kback kand kpatients kmay kthink kthey kare khaving kan kMI GERD ksymptoms kare kexacerbated kwhen k- k kcorrect kanswer. k k klying kdown kflat kor kbending kover GERD kregurgitation kmay klead kto k- k kcorrect kanswer. k k kAspiration kor kbronchitis These kpatients kare kat krisk kof kaspirating kwhen klying kflat Symptoms kof kGERD kinclude k- k kcorrect kanswer. k k kCoughing kor kwheezing kat knight, kdysphagia, kbelching kand knausea, khoarseness, kand kinsomnia. kAssess klungs kfor kpresence kof kcrackles. Hiatal kHernia k- k kcorrect kanswer. k k kA kcondition kwhere ka kpart kof kthe kstomach kthat knormally kis klocated kin kthe kabdominal kcavity kprotrudes kthrough kthe kesophageal khiatus kto krest kwithin kthe kchest kcavity Hiatal kHernia ksymptoms kusually kworsen kafter kmeals. kThese ksymptoms kmay kbe kmade kworse kwhen k- k kcorrect kanswer. k k kLying kflat kand kmay kresolve kwith ksitting kup kor kwalking. Hiatal kHernia kpatients kshould kimmediately kreport k- k kcorrect kanswer. k k kabdominal kpain kwith knausea, kvomiting, kand kfever Hiatal kHernia klifestyle kchanges kmay kinclude k- k kcorrect kanswer. k k kelevating kthe khead kof kthe kbed kwhen ksleeping kto kallow kgravity kto kprevent kacid kfrom krefluxing kinto kthe kesophagus kand kremaining kupright kafter kmeals. Hiatal khernia kDiet kshould kconsist kof k- k kcorrect kanswer. k k ksmall kfrequent kmeals kinstead kof keating ktwo kor kthree klarger kmeals ka kday. kAvoid kvigorous kmovement kafter kmeals. Hiatal khernia kfoods kthat kshould kbe kavoided kinclude k- k kcorrect kanswer. k k kspicy, kgreasy kfoods, konions, ktomatoes kand kcitrus kfruits Gastritis koccurs kwhen k- k kcorrect kanswer. k k kthe klining kof kthe kstomach kknown kas kthe kmucosa kbecomes kinflamed kor kswollen. kWhen kthe kstomach kmucosa kbecomes kinflamed kedema, khemorrhage kand kerosion kof kthe kmucosa koccur. Medical ktreatment kfor kGastritis kdepends kon kthe kspecific kcause. kPatients kwill kbe kinstructed kto kstop ktaking kirritating kmedications ksuch kas k- k kcorrect kanswer. k k kASA kand kNSAIDS Gastritis kmedications kto kdecrease kthe kamount kof khydrochloric kacid kin kthe kstomach. kthese kwould kinclude k- k kcorrect kanswer. k k kAntacids, kH2 kantagonists, kand kProton kpump kinhibitors The kpatient kwith kGastritis kis kat krisk kfor k- k kcorrect kanswer. k k kDeficient kFluid kVolume A knursing kpriority kis kto kaccess kthe kpatient's khydration kstatus. kIncludes kI&O, kDaily kWeights, k&VS. Peptic kUlcers kDisease k- k kcorrect kanswer. k k kare ka kbreak kin kthe kmucous klining kof kgastrointestinal ktract kfrom kcontinued kcontact kwith kgastric kjuice. kThis kresults kin kinflammation. kPain kthat kis kworsened kby kthe kingestion kof kfood. Ulcers kin kthe kmucosa kof kGI ktract koccur kfrom kseveral kdifferent kcauses. kDuodenal kulcers kare kassociated kwith ka k- k kcorrect kanswer. k k kH. kPylori kinfection Gastric kulcer kpain kis kdescribed kas k- k kcorrect kanswer. k k ka kdull, kaching kpain, koften kright kafter ka kmeal; keating kdoes knot krelieve kpain kand kmay keven kworsen kit. kPain kmay kalso koccur klate kat knight. Other ksymptoms kassociated kwith kPUD kare k- k kcorrect kanswer. k k kNausea kwith kor kwithout kvomiting, kweight kloss, kanorexia, kbelching kand kdyspepsia k(indigestion). kPatient kmay kreport ka kdistended kabdomen kthat kis kpainful. PUD kincreased krisk kfactor kin k- k kcorrect kanswer. k k kSmokers smoking kcontributes kto kthe kpathogenesis kof kpeptic kulcer kdisease. kSmoking kcauses kan kacceleration kof kgastric kemptying kof kliquids, kpromotes kof kduodenogastric kreflux kand kcauses ka kreduction kin kmucosal kblood kflow. kPatient kshould kattend ka ksmoking kcessation kcourse. Gastric kCancer k- k kcorrect kanswer. k k kStomach kcancers ktend kto kdevelop kslowly kover kmany kyears. kBefore ka ktrue kcancer kdevelops, kpre-cancerous kchanges koften koccur kin kthe kinner klining k(mucosa) kof kthe kstomach. kThese kearly kchanges krarely kcause ksymptoms kand ktherefore koften kgo kundetected The kdecline kof kstomach kacids khas kbeen klinked kto kthe kfrequent kuse kof kantibiotics kto ktreat kinfection. kAntibiotics kcan kkill kthe kbacteria kcalled k- k kcorrect kanswer. k k kHelicobacter kpylori k(H. kpylori), kwhich kis kthough kto kbe ka kmajor kcause kof kstomach kcancer Gastrectomy kpost kcare k- k kcorrect kanswer. k k kAdminister kprotein kand kvitamin ksupplements kto kfoster kwound krepair kand ktissue kbuilding. kEat ksmall, kfrequent kmeals. Stress kthe kimportance kof klong kterm kvitamin kB12 kinjections kafter k- k kcorrect kanswer. k k kgastrectomy kto kprevent ksurgically kinduced kpernicious kanemia Irritable kbowel ksyndrome k(IBS) k- k kcorrect kanswer. k k krefers kto ka kdisorder kthat kinvolves kabdominal kpain kand kcramping, kas kwell kas kchanges kin kbowel kmovements IBS krisk kfactors kinclude k- k kcorrect kanswer. k k kconsuming ka kdiet khigh kin kfats kand kgas kproducing kfoods. kConsuming kcarbonated kbeverages, kcaffeine kand kalcohol kcontribute kto kthe kdevelopment. IBS krelated kfactors k- k kcorrect kanswer. k k kSmoking kand kstress. kEmotional kexperiences ksuch kas kanxiety kand kdepression kare kalso ka kfactor kas kthis kaffects kthe kautonomic knervous ksystem kand kit kinnervation kto kthe kbowel. Nursing kcare kfor kthe kpatient kwith kIBS kfocuses kon k- k kcorrect kanswer. k k keducation kand kemotional ksupport. kHelp kthe kpatient kimplement klifestyle kchanges kthat kreduce kstress. kRemind kthe kpatient kabout kregular kexercise, kDiscourage ksmoking kwhile kencouraging kthe kneed kfor kregular kphysical kexaminations Intestinal kobstruction kis k- k kcorrect kanswer. k k ka kpartial kor kcomplete kblockage kof kthe kbowel kthat kresults kin kthe kfailure kof kthe kintestinal kcontents kto kpass kthrough With kobstruction k- k kcorrect kanswer. k k kgas kand kfluid kaccumulate kproximal kto kand kwithin kobstructed ksegment kcausing kbowel kdistention A kbowel kobstruction kis kdivided kinto ktwo kbasic kcategories: k- k kcorrect kanswer. k k kMechanical kand kNon-mechanical Treatment kof kintestinal kobstruction kis kdirected ktoward k- k kcorrect kanswer. k k krelieving ksymptoms, kmanaging kfluid kand kelectrolyte kimbalances, kpreventing kcomplications, kand ktreating kthe kcause kof kobstruction Surgery kmay kbe kneeded kto krelieve kthe kobstruction kif k- k kcorrect kanswer. k k kgastric kdecompression kdoes knot krelieve kthe ksymptoms, kor kif kthere kare ksigns kof kbowel knecrosis. kThe ktype kof ksurgery kwill kdepend kon kthe ktype kand karea kof kobstruction kand kmay kinclude kintestinal kresection kwith kan kanastomosis kor kcreation kof kan kileostomy kor kcolostomy If kthe ksmall kbowel kobstruction kis kcomplete, kthe kperistaltic kwaves kbecome kquite kvigorous, kassuming k- k kcorrect kanswer. k k krevers kdirection, kpropelling kintestinal kcontents ktoward kthe kmouth krather kthan kthe krectum Small kbowel kobstruction kpatient kvomits k- k kcorrect kanswer. k k kstomach kcontents kfirst, kthen kthe kbilious kcontents kof kthe kduodenum, kand kfinally kthe kfecal kcontents kof kthe kileum A kdistended kabdomen, ka kbloated ksensation, kand kaltered kbowel ksounds kmay kindicate ka k- k kcorrect kanswer. k k ksmall kbowel kobstruction. Patients kwith kIleostomy kwho kdevelop kdistention kand kcramping kshould kapply k- k kcorrect kanswer. k k kwarm, kmoist ktowels kto kabdomen kor klightly kmassage kabdomen In klarge kbowel kobstructionWhat kmay kbe kthe konly ksymptom kfor kseveral kdays? k- k kcorrect kanswer. k k kconstipation In klarge kbowel kobstruction kBarium kenema kmay kbe kordered kto kreveal k- k kcorrect kanswer. k k ka kdistended, kair-filled kcolon. kMonitor kthe kpatient kfor kbowel kmovement kafter ka kbarium kenema Patients kwith klarge kbowel kobstructions kmay kexperience kintermittent kpersistent k- k kcorrect kanswer. k k klower kabdominal kcramping. kSevere kpain kmay kresult kfrom kstrangulation kor kbowel kperforation When kthe kappendix kbecomes kinflamed kand kfills kwith kpus kit kis kcalled k- k kcorrect kanswer. k k kAppendicitis Obstruction kof kthe kappendiceal klumen kcauses k- k kcorrect kanswer. k k kappendicitis If kleft kuntreated, kan kinflamed kappendix kwill keventually k- k kcorrect kanswer. k k kburst, kor kperforate, kspilling kinfectious kmaterials kinto kthe kabdominal kcavity. kThis kcan klead kto kperitonitis, ka kserious kinflammation kof kthe kperitoneum kthat kcan kbe kfatal kunless kit kis ktreated kquickly kwith kstrong kantibiotics The kclassic ksymptom kof kappendicitis kis k- k kcorrect kanswer. k k kabdominal kpain. kPain kbecomes ksharper kover kseveral khours kand kworsens kwith kcoughing, kwalking kor kother kjarring kmovements. A ksharp kpain kis kfelt kin kthe klower kright kabdomen k(RLQ) kwhen kthe karea kis kpressed kon kand kthen kthe kpressure kis kquickly kreleased. kthis kis kknown kas k- k kcorrect kanswer. k k krebound ktenderness. kPain kis krelieved kby kbending kthe kknees Peritonitis kresults kfrom k- k kcorrect kanswer. k k kcontamination kof ka knormal ksterile kperitoneal kcavity kwith kbacteria kor kchemical kirritant Peritonitis: kclassically kthe kpatient kwill khave kan kacute kabdomen kwith kabrupt konset kof kdiffuse, k- k kcorrect kanswer. k k ksevere kabdominal kpain Peritonitis: kDepending kon ksigns kand ksymptoms, ktreatment kincludes k- k kcorrect kanswer. k k knasogastric kdecompression, khyperalimentation, kand kcolloids ksuch kas kplasma kand kblood kcells. The kplan kof kcare kwill khave kbeen keffective kif kthe kpatient's kperitonitis khas k- k kcorrect kanswer. k k kbeen keliminated kand kthe ksource kremoved kwithout kcomplications kand kthe kpatient kfluid kbalance kand kpain kare keffectively ktolerated Gastroenteritis kis kan kinflammation kof k- k kcorrect kanswer. k k kthe kstomach kand kintestinal ktract kthat kprimarily kaffects kthe ksmall kbowel. Gastroenteritis: kThe kmajor kclinical kmanifestations kare k- k kcorrect kanswer. k k kdiarrhea kresulting kin khypokalemia kand kabdominal kpain kand kcramping Gastroenteritis kAssociated kclinical kmanifestations kare k- k kcorrect kanswer. k k knausea, kvomiting, kfever, kanorexia, kdistention, ktenesmus, kand kborborygmi Gastroenteritis: kRapid kpropulsion kof kintestinal kcontents kthrough kthe ksmall kbowels kmay klead kto ka kserious k- k kcorrect kanswer. k k kfluid kvolume kdeficit kand kelectrolyte kimbalance Gastroenteritis: kTreatment kshould kfocus kon k- k kcorrect kanswer. k k kintravenous kfluids kand kmonitoring kfor kcardiac kdysrhythmias Inflammatory kbowel kdisease krefers kto ktwo kchronic kdiseases kthat kcause kinflammation kof kthe kintestines: k- k kcorrect kanswer. k k kUlcerative kcolitis kand kCrohn's kdisease. kBoth khave ksimilar ksymptoms kbut kare kdifferent kin kthe kmanner kin kwhich kthey kaffect kthe kdigestive ktract. When kproviding kpatient keducation kfor kthe kpatient kwho khas khad kan kostomy kthe knurse kneeds kto kinclude kmany kthings. kThe knurse kshould kdiscuss k- k kcorrect kanswer. k k kdietary kmodifications krelated kto knutritional kstatus kand kprovide kreferral kto kdietitian kfor kdiet kplanning k(lean kmeats, klegumes, kwater). kTeach kthe kimportance kof kmaintaining ka khigh kfluid kintake kand kmanifestations kto krecognize kdehydration Inflammatory kBowel kDisease: kThe ktreatment kis kconsidered kto khave kbeen keffective kif kthe kpatient khas ka kdecrease kin k- k kcorrect kanswer. k k kdiarrhea, kincreases ktheir knutritional kintake kand kgains kweight, kpain kis kreduced kor keliminated, kcomplication kdo knot koccur, kand kthey keffectively kmanage kstress. Crohn's kdisease kinvolves kall kof kthe k- k kcorrect kanswer. k k kintestines Ulcers kand kfissures kdevelop kin k- k kcorrect kanswer. k k kCrohn's kdisease In kCrohn's kdisease kthe kpain kis kin kthe k- k kcorrect kanswer. k k klower kright kquadrant kof kthe kabdomen New ktherapies kare kbeginning kto kbe kutilized kfor kpatients kwith kCrohn's kdisease kincluding k- k kcorrect kanswer. k k kimmune kresponse kmodifiers ksuch kas ktherapeutic kmonoclonal kantibody kcertolizumab kpegol k(Cimzia) kand kAdalimuab k(Humira) While ktaking kcertolizumab kpegol k(Cimzia) kand kAdalimuab k(Humira) kPatients kshould kreport k- k kcorrect kanswer. k k kcold-like ksymptoms kor ksore kthroat, kavoid kpublic kplaces kwhile ktaking kthis kmedication, kunderstand kabdominal kpain, knausea, kand kvomiting kare kcommon kside keffects kof kthis kmedication, kand klearn kto kgive kself kinjection Crohn's kdisease: kThe kpatient kwho kis kacutely kill kmay kneed kto khave k- k kcorrect kanswer. k k ktotal kbowel krest kand kreceive kparenteral knutrition. kThis kusually kis kthrough khyperalimentation. Crohn's kdisease: kAnxiety kis k- k kcorrect kanswer. k k kcommon kfor knewly kdiagnosed kpatients kand ktherapeutic kcommunication kabout kthe kdisease kis kcritical kto ktreatment When kmedical kmanagement kfor kUlcerative kcolitis kis knot ksuccessful ksurgical kintervention kwill kresult kin kthe kpatient khaving kan k- k kcorrect kanswer. k k kostomy A kstoma kis kcreated kon kthe kabdomen kwhere kan kappliance kis kapplied kto k- k kcorrect kanswer. k k kretain kstool Stoma kpouch kis kemptied kat kintervals kand kalways kbefore kit kis k- k kcorrect kanswer. k k khalf kfull. kApply ka kskin kbarrier kdirectly kto kstoma kprior kto kapplication kof kpouch ksystem