Maryville NURS615 Pharm 2 exam Questions and Verified Correct Answers | Grade A+

Monitoring Parameters for antivirals such as acyclovir(Zovirax)/valacyclovir(Valtrex)? Ans: 10% liver/90% kidney = BUN, Creat, LFT What is the Class and MOA of carbamazepine (tegretal) & topiramate (Topamax)? Ans: Anticonvulsant; thought to block Na+ channels to slow activity or enhance GABA Adverse effects of Carbamazepine and monitoring parameters Ans: Agranulocytosis: decreased production of WBC in bone marrow, SJS, Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis; Monitor CBC Q 3-4 mos; TSH (can also affect thyroid) What precautions should be taken when discontinuing Carbamazepine? Ans: Do Not stop abruptly; half life drops from 30 hr to 15 over time What is GABA? Ans: calming/inhibitory neurotransmitter; calms firing nerves in CNS; high levels improve focus, low levels cause anxiety What is serotonin? Ans: mood neurotransmitter; Affects mood, hunger, sleep, and arousal What is norepinephrine/noradrenaline? Ans: Concentration neurotransmitter; affects attention and responding actions; fight or flight What is dopamine? Ans: pleasure neurotransmitter; feelings of pleasure, addiction, motivation What is acetylcholine? Ans: parasympathetic neurotransmitter that diffuses across a synapse and produces an impulse in the cell membrane of a muscle cell What should families be taught regarding the monitoring of seizure activity? Ans: focus on prevention, pt safety, quality of life; if seizure occurs notefrequency, duration, severity; be aware of mood changes, depression, anxiety, suicide; establish mutual treatment goals, DO NOT stop meds abruptly What electrolyte imbalance is noted with Topiramate (Topamax) & what to monitor? Ans: a decrease in serum bicarbonate concentration, leading to hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis; CMP & bicarb Adverse effects seen with topiramate (Topamax) and pregnancy risk? Ans: ocular syndromes (myopia and angle closure glaucoma), ↓sweating (oligohidrosis), hyperthermia; in pregnancy: ↑risk of cleft lip in infants What is the MOA for Levetiracetam (Keppra) Ans: Does not affect GABA; may prevent epileptiform burst firing and spread of seizure activity. What population is Levetiracetam (Keppra) sa