biol 212
What is a protist in the most general sense? - CORRECT ANSWER-Eukaryotic
(nucleus enclosed) cells have nuclei and other membrane- enclosed organelles
such as mitochondria and plastids. primarily aquatic eukaryotic organisms with
diverse
What are the different body plans, modes of nutrition, habitats and reproductive
lifestyles? of protists - CORRECT ANSWER-most body plans are unicellular,
some form colonies, some are coenocytic and some are multicellular
algae are autotrophic photosynthesizers
heterotrophs absorb nutrients, or ingesting food
mostly live in the ocean, or damp terrestrial places
usually reproduce asexually, some sexually as well. no sex organs
What are some key structures of a basic free living unicellular protist? -
CORRECT ANSWER-flagella, cell wall, nucleus, chloroplast, starch granule
What is the endosymbiotic theory? - CORRECT ANSWER-theory that eukaryotic
organelles such as mitochondria and chloroplasts from ancient free living
prokaryotes invaded primitive eukaryotic cells
What are the modern tools being used to sort out the protist kingdom? -
CORRECT ANSWER--electron microscopy
-molecular analysis of the gene for RNA
What are five major protist groups? - CORRECT ANSWER-excavates
chromalvaeolates
Rhizarians:
Archaeplastids:
Unikonts:
What type of gene fusion exists in...
Bacteria?
Archaea?
Bikonts? - CORRECT ANSWER-bikonts: second gene fusion
, What eukaryotic supergroups and traditional kingdoms are included in this
developing clade? - CORRECT ANSWER-in protists clades, there are eukaryote
supergroup and representative protist clades
excavates - CORRECT ANSWER-unicellular, deep oral groove, endosymbionts,
anoxic (no oxygen water areas), energy obtained by glycolysis. euglena
Chromalevolates - CORRECT ANSWER--diverse protists, few shared
characteristics.
-originated from emdosymbiosis where cell engulfed by red alga
-photosynthesis
ex: algae, plankton
Rhizarians - CORRECT ANSWER-monophyletic but diverse group of amoeboid
cells. Hard outer shells, forams, shell-less amoebas
Archaeplastids - CORRECT ANSWER-Monophyletic group that includes red
algae, green algae, and land plants, which are in a separate kingdom.
presence similar chloroplasts.
unikonts - CORRECT ANSWER-Supergroup that includes protists that are
closely related to fungi and animals. Triple gene fusion, single posterior flagellum
Apicomplexans - CORRECT ANSWER-parasites of animals, and some cause
serious human diseases. malaria
What eukaryotic supergroup do land plants belong to? Who is thought to be their
common ancestor? - CORRECT ANSWER-archaeplastida, ancestor is the
ancient green alga
What are the four major defining characteristics of terrestrial plants? - CORRECT
ANSWER-cellulose cell walls, chlorophylls a and b in plastids, starch as storage
product, cells with two anterior flagella
What are three adaptations plants have for life on land? - CORRECT
ANSWER-waxy cuticle- prevents tissue from drying
stomata- allow gas exchange through cuticle
What is a protist in the most general sense? - CORRECT ANSWER-Eukaryotic
(nucleus enclosed) cells have nuclei and other membrane- enclosed organelles
such as mitochondria and plastids. primarily aquatic eukaryotic organisms with
diverse
What are the different body plans, modes of nutrition, habitats and reproductive
lifestyles? of protists - CORRECT ANSWER-most body plans are unicellular,
some form colonies, some are coenocytic and some are multicellular
algae are autotrophic photosynthesizers
heterotrophs absorb nutrients, or ingesting food
mostly live in the ocean, or damp terrestrial places
usually reproduce asexually, some sexually as well. no sex organs
What are some key structures of a basic free living unicellular protist? -
CORRECT ANSWER-flagella, cell wall, nucleus, chloroplast, starch granule
What is the endosymbiotic theory? - CORRECT ANSWER-theory that eukaryotic
organelles such as mitochondria and chloroplasts from ancient free living
prokaryotes invaded primitive eukaryotic cells
What are the modern tools being used to sort out the protist kingdom? -
CORRECT ANSWER--electron microscopy
-molecular analysis of the gene for RNA
What are five major protist groups? - CORRECT ANSWER-excavates
chromalvaeolates
Rhizarians:
Archaeplastids:
Unikonts:
What type of gene fusion exists in...
Bacteria?
Archaea?
Bikonts? - CORRECT ANSWER-bikonts: second gene fusion
, What eukaryotic supergroups and traditional kingdoms are included in this
developing clade? - CORRECT ANSWER-in protists clades, there are eukaryote
supergroup and representative protist clades
excavates - CORRECT ANSWER-unicellular, deep oral groove, endosymbionts,
anoxic (no oxygen water areas), energy obtained by glycolysis. euglena
Chromalevolates - CORRECT ANSWER--diverse protists, few shared
characteristics.
-originated from emdosymbiosis where cell engulfed by red alga
-photosynthesis
ex: algae, plankton
Rhizarians - CORRECT ANSWER-monophyletic but diverse group of amoeboid
cells. Hard outer shells, forams, shell-less amoebas
Archaeplastids - CORRECT ANSWER-Monophyletic group that includes red
algae, green algae, and land plants, which are in a separate kingdom.
presence similar chloroplasts.
unikonts - CORRECT ANSWER-Supergroup that includes protists that are
closely related to fungi and animals. Triple gene fusion, single posterior flagellum
Apicomplexans - CORRECT ANSWER-parasites of animals, and some cause
serious human diseases. malaria
What eukaryotic supergroup do land plants belong to? Who is thought to be their
common ancestor? - CORRECT ANSWER-archaeplastida, ancestor is the
ancient green alga
What are the four major defining characteristics of terrestrial plants? - CORRECT
ANSWER-cellulose cell walls, chlorophylls a and b in plastids, starch as storage
product, cells with two anterior flagella
What are three adaptations plants have for life on land? - CORRECT
ANSWER-waxy cuticle- prevents tissue from drying
stomata- allow gas exchange through cuticle
