Certified Paraoptometric
Anterior Chamber - CORRECT ANSWER-The area inside the eye, behind the
cornea, and in front of the iris that is filled with clear, watery fluid called aqueous
humor.
Aqueous Humor - CORRECT ANSWER-A clear, watery fluid produced by the
ciliary body. It fills the front part of the posterior chamber and the entire anterior
chamber. It provides nutrients for the lens and posterior cornea and carries away
waste products. It is also responsible for maintaining the intraocular pressure
because it is the only fluid continually produced in the eye.
Choroid - CORRECT ANSWER-Consists primarily of blood vessels that nourish
the retina so that it can continue to function. It is sandwiched between the sclera
and the retina.
Ciliary Muscle - CORRECT ANSWER-The muscle inside the eyeball that alters
the shape of the crystalline lens. It has direct control over the focusing ability of
the eye.
Palpebral Conjunctiva - CORRECT ANSWER-The clear cellophane-like tissue
that lines the inside surface of the eyelids.
Cornea - CORRECT ANSWER-The clear, transparent tissue that is located on
the very front portion of the eye. It is the most refractive media of the eye and
provides most of the eye's ability to focus light.
Crystalline Lens - CORRECT ANSWER-The second most powerful refractive
medium that provides focusing power to the eye
Medial rectus - CORRECT ANSWER-The most powerful of the extraocular
muscles. It's only action is to turn the eye toward the nose (adduction).
Inferior rectus - CORRECT ANSWER-It's primary action is to turn the eye
downward (depression). It also turns the eye toward the nose (extorsion).
,Lateral rectus - CORRECT ANSWER-It's only action is to move the eye away
from the nose (abduction).
Superior rectus - CORRECT ANSWER-It's primary action is to move the eye
upward (elevation). It also moves the eye away from the nose (intorsion).
Superior oblique - CORRECT ANSWER-It's primary action is to turn the eye
downward (depression). It also turns the eye diagonally away from the nose and
toward the temple (abduction & intorsion)
Inferior oblique - CORRECT ANSWER-The only extraocular muscle that has its
origin at the front of the orbit. It's primary action is to move the eye upward
(elevation). It also turns the eye diagonally towards the nose (adduction &
extorsion).
Fovea Centralis - CORRECT ANSWER-Area in the macula where visual acuity is
the sharpest and is used for daytime and color vision.
Fundus - CORRECT ANSWER-The interior surface of the eyeball.
Iris - CORRECT ANSWER-The colored part of the eye
Lens - CORRECT ANSWER-The resilient, transparent structure in the eye that
focuses light by changes of curvature of its front surface. It is located directly
behind the pupil.
Macula - CORRECT ANSWER-The central part of the retina, which is used for
seeing detail.
Optic disk - CORRECT ANSWER-The appearance of the optic nerve when
viewed through the pupil where the nerve fibers meet.
Optic Nerve - CORRECT ANSWER-The area that carries impulses from the
retina to the brain.
Orbit - CORRECT ANSWER-The bony socket that contains the eye and most of
its accessory organs.
, Posterior Chamber - CORRECT ANSWER-The area located inside of the eye.
behind the iris and in front of the lens.
Pupil - CORRECT ANSWER-The round hole in the center of the iris through
which light passes.
Retina - CORRECT ANSWER-The seeing part of the eye.
Rods - CORRECT ANSWER-Photoreceptors that provide black/white vision.
Cons - CORRECT ANSWER-Photoreceptors that are responsible for color vision
and clear central vision.
Sclera - CORRECT ANSWER-The white portion of the eye made up of a tough,
fibrous tissue that gives shape and structure to the eyeball.
Suspensory Ligaments - CORRECT ANSWER-Long, thin fibers which connect
the crystalline lens to the ring of the ciliary muscles.
Vitreous Humor - CORRECT ANSWER-A thick, clear, jelly-like substance that
fills the eye between the lens and the retina. This helps keep the eye round.
Lacrimal Duct - CORRECT ANSWER-The drainage system for tears
Lacrimal Gland - CORRECT ANSWER-Supplies most of the tears to the eye.
Nasolacrimal Duct - CORRECT ANSWER-The drainage system for the tears to
leave the eye.
Aphakia - CORRECT ANSWER-Absence of a lens in the eye
Blepharitis - CORRECT ANSWER-Inflammation of the eyelids
Cataract - CORRECT ANSWER-Cloudy or opaque area in the normally
transparent lens of the eye.
Anterior Chamber - CORRECT ANSWER-The area inside the eye, behind the
cornea, and in front of the iris that is filled with clear, watery fluid called aqueous
humor.
Aqueous Humor - CORRECT ANSWER-A clear, watery fluid produced by the
ciliary body. It fills the front part of the posterior chamber and the entire anterior
chamber. It provides nutrients for the lens and posterior cornea and carries away
waste products. It is also responsible for maintaining the intraocular pressure
because it is the only fluid continually produced in the eye.
Choroid - CORRECT ANSWER-Consists primarily of blood vessels that nourish
the retina so that it can continue to function. It is sandwiched between the sclera
and the retina.
Ciliary Muscle - CORRECT ANSWER-The muscle inside the eyeball that alters
the shape of the crystalline lens. It has direct control over the focusing ability of
the eye.
Palpebral Conjunctiva - CORRECT ANSWER-The clear cellophane-like tissue
that lines the inside surface of the eyelids.
Cornea - CORRECT ANSWER-The clear, transparent tissue that is located on
the very front portion of the eye. It is the most refractive media of the eye and
provides most of the eye's ability to focus light.
Crystalline Lens - CORRECT ANSWER-The second most powerful refractive
medium that provides focusing power to the eye
Medial rectus - CORRECT ANSWER-The most powerful of the extraocular
muscles. It's only action is to turn the eye toward the nose (adduction).
Inferior rectus - CORRECT ANSWER-It's primary action is to turn the eye
downward (depression). It also turns the eye toward the nose (extorsion).
,Lateral rectus - CORRECT ANSWER-It's only action is to move the eye away
from the nose (abduction).
Superior rectus - CORRECT ANSWER-It's primary action is to move the eye
upward (elevation). It also moves the eye away from the nose (intorsion).
Superior oblique - CORRECT ANSWER-It's primary action is to turn the eye
downward (depression). It also turns the eye diagonally away from the nose and
toward the temple (abduction & intorsion)
Inferior oblique - CORRECT ANSWER-The only extraocular muscle that has its
origin at the front of the orbit. It's primary action is to move the eye upward
(elevation). It also turns the eye diagonally towards the nose (adduction &
extorsion).
Fovea Centralis - CORRECT ANSWER-Area in the macula where visual acuity is
the sharpest and is used for daytime and color vision.
Fundus - CORRECT ANSWER-The interior surface of the eyeball.
Iris - CORRECT ANSWER-The colored part of the eye
Lens - CORRECT ANSWER-The resilient, transparent structure in the eye that
focuses light by changes of curvature of its front surface. It is located directly
behind the pupil.
Macula - CORRECT ANSWER-The central part of the retina, which is used for
seeing detail.
Optic disk - CORRECT ANSWER-The appearance of the optic nerve when
viewed through the pupil where the nerve fibers meet.
Optic Nerve - CORRECT ANSWER-The area that carries impulses from the
retina to the brain.
Orbit - CORRECT ANSWER-The bony socket that contains the eye and most of
its accessory organs.
, Posterior Chamber - CORRECT ANSWER-The area located inside of the eye.
behind the iris and in front of the lens.
Pupil - CORRECT ANSWER-The round hole in the center of the iris through
which light passes.
Retina - CORRECT ANSWER-The seeing part of the eye.
Rods - CORRECT ANSWER-Photoreceptors that provide black/white vision.
Cons - CORRECT ANSWER-Photoreceptors that are responsible for color vision
and clear central vision.
Sclera - CORRECT ANSWER-The white portion of the eye made up of a tough,
fibrous tissue that gives shape and structure to the eyeball.
Suspensory Ligaments - CORRECT ANSWER-Long, thin fibers which connect
the crystalline lens to the ring of the ciliary muscles.
Vitreous Humor - CORRECT ANSWER-A thick, clear, jelly-like substance that
fills the eye between the lens and the retina. This helps keep the eye round.
Lacrimal Duct - CORRECT ANSWER-The drainage system for tears
Lacrimal Gland - CORRECT ANSWER-Supplies most of the tears to the eye.
Nasolacrimal Duct - CORRECT ANSWER-The drainage system for the tears to
leave the eye.
Aphakia - CORRECT ANSWER-Absence of a lens in the eye
Blepharitis - CORRECT ANSWER-Inflammation of the eyelids
Cataract - CORRECT ANSWER-Cloudy or opaque area in the normally
transparent lens of the eye.
