ATLS REVIEW PRACTICE TEST.

ATLS REVIEW PRACTICE TEST. Definitive control of the airway is achieved by ____________ - CORRECT ANSWER Endotracheal intubation How do you treat hypothermia in the ED? - CORRECT ANSWER crystalloid fluids at 102.2 degrees F and warmed treatment area What does definitive hemorrhage control refer to? (3) - CORRECT ANSWER 1) Possible surgery 2) Stabilizing of pelvis 3) Angioembolization What are rates of fluid administration measured by? - CORRECT ANSWER Size and length of catheter Minimum flow rate of oxygen reservoir mask - CORRECT ANSWER 11 L/min MCC of shock in trauma pt - CORRECT ANSWER Hypovolemia due to hemorrhage Describe the 3 for 1 rule - CORRECT ANSWER Replace each mL of blood loss with 3 ml of crystalloid solution What metabolic state can result from continued hemorrhage or decreased perfusion? - CORRECT ANSWER Metabolic acidosis In what survey, primary or secondary, are these identified? 1) Simple PTX 2) Pulmonary contusion 3) Traumatic aortic disruption - CORRECT ANSWER Secondary Via thorough PE, CXR, pulse ox, ECG and ABG What imaging study is preferred for penetrating abdominal trauma? - CORRECT ANSWER CT What can FAST rapidly diagnose? - CORRECT ANSWER Abdominal hemorrhage When is a laparotomy indicated? - CORRECT ANSWER Fascial penetration with intraperitoneal bleeding or peritonitis What does the Monro Kellie doctrine describe? - CORRECT ANSWER The relationship between IC volume and pressure Normal resting ICP - CORRECT ANSWER 10 mm Hg How do you reduce elevated ICP? - CORRECT ANSWER Mannitol in a 20% solution How do you temporarily control pelvic hemorrhage and instability? - CORRECT ANSWER Internal traction and external counter-pressure How do you initially manage major arterial injury? - CORRECT ANSWER Direct pressure and fluid resuscitation Full thickness burn - CORRECT ANSWER Third degree burn What is used to estimate the size and depth of burns? - CORRECT ANSWER Rule of 9's Head= 9% Each arm=9% Front Trunk= 18% Back Trunk= 18% Upper leg= 9%