OLDER ADULT Exam Questions Correctly Solved

OLDER ADULT Exam Questions Correctly Solved The most frequently occurring health related conditions associated with the older patients are? - Answer -1. hypertension 2. arthritis 3. heart disease 4. cancer 5. diabetes 6. sinusitis What is not a normal sign of aging? - Answer -confusion is not a normal sign of aging Older adults have difficulty hearing ___________ sounds and distinguising consonants such as ___________. - Answer -high-pitched sounds s, z, t, f, and q How do you communicate effectively with the older patient? - Answer -lower the pitch of your voice speak more slowly pronounce words clearly. ****Do not shout it raises the pitch of your voice****** use visual cues such as hand gestures and facial expressions When speaking to the older patient with a hearing impairment you should: - Answer -1. face the patient 2. avoid covering your mouth 3. make sure the room is quiet 4. make sure the room is well lit (so patient can see your lips move) 5. minimize background sounds (turn off TV and close the door) What do you do if the patient does not understand a question? - Answer -rephrase the question (do not repeat the question) What are age related changes for the older patient's cardiovascular system? - Answer -1. orthostatic hypotension 2. increased arterial resistance 3. decreased cardiac output (loss of 30-40%) 4. increased time for heart rate to return to resting rate after exercise or activity 5. occasional ectopic beats 6. S4 7. increased heart size and weight 8. decreased myocardial perfusion up to 35% What are age related changes for the respiratory system? - Answer -increased time for respiratory rate to return to resting rate after activity shallow breathing diminished breath sounds in the lung bases decreased tidal volume increased rigidity of thorax and vertebrae What are age related changes for the urinary system? - Answer -decreased bladder capacity detrusor muscle instability decreased renal blood flow decreased glomerular filtration rate (HTN, UTI) What are the age related changes for the gastrointestional system? - Answer -decreased olfactory and gustatory function (sweet and salty tastes diminished first) diminished saliva production delayed gastric emptying increased incidence of indigestion, abdominal distension, and flatus decreased anal tone and sensation What are the age related changes for the musculoskeletal system? - Answer -decreased bone mass and density decreased joint mobility decreased height loss (loss of 1 to 3 inches) kyphosis decreasing muscle mass decreasing endurance and agility