General Chemistry 2 Questions & Answers

General Chemistry 2 Questions & Answers ... - CORRECT ANSWER- Explain the difference between average rate of reaction and instantaneous rate? Acetic acid (weak acid) - CORRECT ANSWER- HC₂H₃O₂ acid ionization constant (Ka) - CORRECT ANSWER- the equilibrium constant for a reaction in which an acid donates a proton to water acid solution - CORRECT ANSWER- Any water solution that has more hydrogen ions (H⁺) than hydroxide ions (OH⁻) or a pH less than 7 Acid-base titration - CORRECT ANSWER- ... Acidic - CORRECT ANSWER- Any solution with a pH less than 7 [or a p-OH greater than 7] Acidity decreases - CORRECT ANSWER- Decrease in electronegativity, impact on acidity is Acidity decreases - CORRECT ANSWER- Increase in bonding strength, impact on acidity is Acidity increases - CORRECT ANSWER- Decrease in bonding strength, impact on acidity is Acidity increases - CORRECT ANSWER- Increase in electronegativity, impact on acidity is Acids - CORRECT ANSWER- a sour taste; dissolve many metals; turn blue litmus paper red; neutralize bases. alkaloid - CORRECT ANSWER- natural nitrogen containing bases found in plants alpha decay α - CORRECT ANSWER- type of radioactive decay in which an atomic nucleus emits an alpha particle and thereby transforms (or 'decays') into an atom with a mass number 4 less and atomic number 2 less Ampere (Definition 18.3) - CORRECT ANSWER- 1 coulomb per second amphoteric - CORRECT ANSWER- having characteristics of both an acid and a base and capable of reacting as either Arrenius equation - CORRECT ANSWER- k = Ae^-Ea/RT Arrenius equation with natural logs - CORRECT ANSWER- ln k = -Ea/R * 1/T + ln A Arrhenius Acids and Bases - CORRECT ANSWER- Acids produce hydrogen ions (H⁺) in solution; bases produce hydroxide ions (OH⁻) in solution. Arrhenius Equation - CORRECT ANSWERArrhenius equation - CORRECT ANSWER- shows the relationship between the rate constant k and the temperature T in kelvins atomic mass (ma) - CORRECT ANSWER- mass of an atomic particle, sub-atomic particle, or molecule atomic number - CORRECT ANSWER- is the number of protons found in the nucleus of an atom and therefore identical to the charge number of the nucleus. It is conventionally represented by the symbol Z autoionization - CORRECT ANSWER- process of water acting as an acid and a base within itself Balancing Redox Equations Step 1 - CORRECT ANSWER- Write the overall reaction as two half-reactions; an oxidation reaction and reduction reaction: Balancing Redox Equations Step 2 - CORRECT ANSWER- Number of electrons in excess in the oxidation reaction must equal the number consumed by the reduction reaction (because there is no net change in charge during a redox reaction)