Glossary Management (MNG-1002) Practice Guide With Answered Questions Graded A+ Guaranteed Success.

Accountability - correct answer The need to report and justify work to a manager's superiors. Acquired diversity - correct answer A company's acquisition of a global mindset and social media skills to enable it to betterunderstand and appreciate diversity. Activities - correct answer Actions that take place Adjourning - correct answer The final stage of team development for temporary teams, in which members are concerned with wrapping up activities rather than task performance Analytic Style - correct answer A decision-making style characterized by a high tolerance for ambiguity and a rational way of thinking. Anonymous mentoring - correct answer Using a mentor outside an organization who can provide anonymity and perspective. Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) - correct answer A trading alliance of 10 Southeast Asian countries. Authority - correct answer The rights inherent in a managerial position to tell people what to do and to expect them to do it. Balanced scorecard - correct answer A performance measurement tool that looks at four areas that contribute to anorganization's performance: financial, customer, internal business process, and learning and growth assets. Basic corrective action - correct answer Corrective action that looks at how and why performance deviated and then proceeds to correct the source of deviation. Behavioural style - correct answer A decision-making style characterized by a low tolerance for ambiguity and an intuitive way of thinking. Behavioural theories of leadership - correct answer Theories that isolate behaviours that differentiate effective leaders from ineffective leaders. Behaviourally anchored rating scales (BARS) - correct answer A performance appraisal method in which the evaluator rates an employee on examples of actual job behaviours. Benchmark - correct answer The standard of excellence against which to measure and compare. Benchmarking - correct answer The search for the best practices among competitors or noncompetitors that lead to their superior performance. Born globals - correct answer International companies that choose to go global from inception. Boundaryless organization - correct answer An organization that is not defined by a chain of command, places no limits on spans of control, and replaces departments with empowered teams. Bounded rationality - correct answer Limitations on a person's ability to interpret, process, and act on information. Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa (BRICS) - correct answer An association of leading emerging economies aiming to create mechanisms for consultation and cooperation. Bureaucratic control - correct answer An approach to control that emphasizes organizational authority and relies on administrative rules, regulations, procedures, and policies. Business model - correct answer A strategic design for how a company intends to profit from its broad array of strategies, processes, and activities. Calm waters metaphor - correct answer A description of organizational change that likens that change to a large ship making a predictable trip across a calm sea and experiencing an occasional storm. Capabilities - correct answer An organization's skills and abilities that enable it to do the work activities needed in its business. Career - correct answer The sequence of positions held by a person during his or her lifetime. Caricom Single Market and Economy (CSME) - correct answer An association of Caribbean countries aiming to create one large market. Centralization - correct answer The degree to which decision making is concentrated at a single point in the organization. Certainty - correct answer A condition in which a decision maker can make accurate decisions because the outcome of every alternative is known. Chain of command - correct answer The continuous line of authority that extends from the top of the organization to the lowest level and clarifies who reports to whom. Change agent - correct answer Someone who acts as a catalyst and assumes the responsibility for managing the change process. Charismatic leader - correct answer An enthusiastic, self-confident leader whose personality and actions influence people to behave in certain ways. Civil servants - correct answer People who work in a local, provincial, or federal government department. Clan control - correct answer An approach to control in which employee behaviour is regulated by the shared values,norms, traditions, rituals, beliefs, and other aspects of the organization's culture. Classical view - correct answer The view that management's only social responsibility is to maximize profits. Code of ethics - correct answer A formal statement of an organization's primary values and the ethical rules it expects its employees to follow. Coercive power - correct answer The power a leader has through his or her ability to punish or control. Compressed workweek - correct answer A workweek in which employees work longer hours per day but fewer days per week. Conceptual style - correct answer A decision-making style characterized by a high tolerance for ambiguity and an intuitive way of thinking. Concurrent control - correct answer A type of control that takes place while an activity is in progress. Conflict - correct answer Perceived differences that result in some form of interference or opposition. Control process - correct answer A three-step process that includes measuring actual performance, comparing actual performance against a standard, and taking managerial action to correct deviations or inadequate standards. Control - correct answer The process of monitoring activities to ensure that they are being accomplished as planned, and correcting any significant deviations. Controlling - correct answer A management function that involves monitoring actual performance, comparing actual performance to a standard, and taking corrective action when necessary. Core competencies - correct answer An organization's major value-creating skills, capabilities, and resources that determine its competitive weapons. Corporate governance - correct answer The system used to govern a corporation so that the interests of corporate owners are protected. Corporate social responsibility - correct answer A business's obligation, beyond that required by law and economics, to do the right thingsand act in ways that are good for society. Creativity - correct answer The ability to produce novel and useful ideas. Credibility - correct answer The degree to which someone is perceived as honest, competent, and able to inspire. Critical incidents - correct answer A performance appraisal method in which the evaluator focuses on the critical or key behaviours that separate effective from ineffective job performance. Critical path - correct answer The longest or most time-consuming sequence of events and activities required to complete a project in the shortest amount of time. Cross-functional teams - correct answer Work teams made up of individuals who are experts in various functional specialties. Crown corporations - correct answer Commercial companies owned by the government but independently managed. Customer departmentalization - correct answer Grouping jobs on the basis of customers who have common needs or problems. Decentralization - correct answer The degree to which lower-level employees provide input or actually make decisions. Decision criteria - correct answer Criteria that define what is relevant in making a decision. Decision - correct answer A choice from two or more alternatives. Decision-making process - correct answer A set of eight steps that includes identifying a problem, selecting an alternative, andevaluating the decision's effectiveness. Delegation - correct answer The assignment of authority to another person to carry out specific duties, allowing the employee to make some of the decisions. Departmentalization - correct answer The basis on which jobs are grouped together. Diagonal communication - correct answer Communication that cuts across both work areas and organizational levels. Directional plans - correct answer Plans that are flexible and that set out general guidelines. Directive style - correct answer A decision-making style characterized by a low tolerance for ambiguity and a rational way of thinking. Discipline - correct answer Actions taken by a manager to enforce an organization's standards and regulations. Distributive justice - correct answer Perceived fairness of the amount and allocation of rewards among individuals. Divisional structure - correct answer An organizational structure that consists of separate business units or divisions. Downward communication - correct answer Communication that flows downward from managers to employees. Drive to acquire - correct answer The drive to seek, take control of, and retain objects and personal experiences Drive to bond - correct answer The drive to form social relationships with others Drive to defend - correct answer The drive to protect ourselves both physically and socially. Drive to learn - correct answer The drive to satisfy our curiosity and understand ourselves and the world around us. Dysfunctional conflicts - correct answer Conflicts that are destructive and prevent a group from achieving its goals. Economic value added (EVA) - correct answer A financial tool that measures corporate and divisional performance; calculated by taking after-tax operating profit minus the total annual cost of capital. Effectiveness - correct answer Completing activities so that organizational goals are achieved. Efficiency - correct answer Getting the most output from the least amount of inputs. Employee assistance programs (EAPs) - correct answer Programs offered by organizations to help employees overcome personal and health- related problems. Employee counselling - correct answer A process designed to help employees overcome performance-related problems. Employee empowerment - correct answer Giving more authority to employees to make decisions. Employee recognition programs - correct answer Reward programs that provide managers with opportunities to give employees personal attention and express interest, approval, and appreciation for a job well done. Employee theft - correct answer Any unauthorized taking of company property by employees for their personal use. Environmental complexity - correct answer The number of components in an organization's environment and the extent of the organization's knowledge about those components. Environmental uncertainty - correct answer The degree of change and the degree of complexity in an organization's environment. Equity theory - correct answer The theory that an employee compares his or her job's input-output ratio with that of relevant others and then responds to correct any inequity. Escalation of commitment - correct answer An increased commitment to a previous decision despite evidence that the decision might have been wrong.