US History 101 Straighterline Final Exam Questions and Complete Solutions

US History 101 Straighterline Final Exam Questions and Complete Solutions The industrial revolution in the United States - Answer: created a widening gap between the north and south The Puritan founders of the Massachusetts Bay colony - Answer: were intent on building a model community The nation emerged from its second war with England - Answer: better prepared to settle its western territories The doctrine of nullification argued that - Answer: A state could refuse to implement a federal law The emancipation proclamation - Answer: freed no slaves In the federal constitution, the following decision was made regarding how slaves would be counted - Answer: they would be counted for both taxation and representation (3/5ths) The impact of the controversy over the expansion of slavery into the western territories can best be seen in - Answer: The compromise of 1850 The articles of confederation put the importance of states above that of the central government in all the following ways except - Answer: all western lands had to be turned over to the central government If Lincoln had lived through his second term, it is most likely that - Answer: North and South would have found more reasonable ways to get along the south, in the decade following the civil war - Answer: saw the emergence of a commercial, urban "New South." North America before European colonization - Answer: was vulnerable to common European diseases American policy towards Indian tribe in the 1830s focused on - Answer: isolating them as far west as possible Political parties emerged in the 1790s because - Answer: Hamiltons' economic policies were deeply divisive As tensions mounted between the North and South over westaward expansion in the late 1840s, the results of the Mexican War: - Answer: Increased sectional friction by setting up a debate over the future of slavery in California Seperatists - Answer: group that was made up of the most radical puritans How did enlightenment affect intellectualism in colonial america - Answer: It stimulated the study of science and reason In the French and Indian war, which advantage allowed the British to defeat the French at Quebec? - Answer: Larger colonial populations What was the result of the Great Compromise of 1787 during the Constitutional Convention - Answer: the creation of a representative 2 house legislature What was an unintended consequence of the invention of the cotton gin in early 1800s? - Answer: Slavery expanded in the south due to the increased amount of cotton that could be produced What result of the War of 1812 helped change the compostion of the United States? - Answer: New opportunities for westward expansion led to the growth in territories and population What quality defined the group of American painters of the 19th century known as the Hudson River School? - Answer: They were greatly inspired by the American landscape What was the main goal of the Nativist movement in the 1800s? - Answer: to enact stricter naturalization laws What was the main goal of the abolitionist movement? - Answer: The 13th amendment to the constitution (abolished slavery across the United States) How did the Civil War transform opportunities for commonly discriminated against groups? - Answer: Women became increasingly accepted into the role of medical caregivers within the ideology of mainifest destiny were all the following beliefs except that - Answer: U.S. expansion was acceptable so long as it stayed out of Mexico and Canada In 1836, an attack by Mexican forces on the Alamo mission - Answer: saw the death of Davy Crockett In 1836, Texas did not immediately join the U.s, In part because - Answer: President Andrew Jackson thought it would add to sectional tensions Which ofg the following towns served as a major departure point for migrants traveling west on the overland trails? - Answer: Independence, Missouri In the mid-1840's, the "Oregon country" in the Pacific Northwest - Answer: included an Indian population that had been devastated by disease In 1844, Jame K. Polk supported the acquisition of - Answer: Oregon and Texas The Wilmot Proviso - Answer: Prohibited slavery in any land acquired from Mexico The Mexican War resulted in large part from - Answer: the United States provoking Mexico to fight. The key to victory for the United States in the Mexican war was - Answer: Winfield Scott's seizure of Mexico City Under the terms of the treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, the United States - Answer: agreed to pay millions In the 1850's, the "Young America" movement - Answer: supported the expansion of American democracy throughout the world During the debate on the Compromise of 1850, - Answer: President Zachary Taylor suddenly died. In the 1840s, regional critics of President James K. Polk claimed his policies favored the - Answer: South In the 1858 Abraham Lincoln-Stephen Douglas debates, - Answer: Lincoln argued slavery was a threat to the growth of white free labor Which of the following statements regarding the Kansas-Nebraska Act FALSE? - Answer: It was sponsored by Henry Clay The Supreme Court ruling in the case of Dred Scott vs. Sanford (1857) held that - Answer: the Missouri Compromise was unconstitutional In 1849, President Zachary Taylor favored California - Answer: as a free state As a supporter of land operations, the Union naval presence was particularly important on the - Answer: western rivers The United States Sanitary Commision - Answer: Helped turn nursing into a female-dominated profession Between 1861 and 1864, the cost of goods in the Confederacy rose by - Answer: 9000 percent General Ulysses S. Grant - Answer: Thought the main Union effort should target enemy armies and resources At the start of the Civil War, the - Answer: North had more advanced industrial and transportation systems In 1865, Southern whites defined "freedom" as - Answer: controlling their future without Northern interference. At the end of the civil war, the number of slaves emerged from bondage was - Answer: about 3.5 million In the South, the crop-lien system along with the burdensome credit system - Answer: encouraged the planting of cash crops After the civil war, the most poor rural Southerners relied on credit from - Answer: country stores The Panic of 1873 - Answer: was the nation's worst economic depression to that time. The assassination of President Abraham Lincoln - Answer: involved a larger conspiracy to kill other members of the administration. During the Johnson administration, the United States acquired - Answer: Alaska During Reconstruction, there was a dramatic improvement in Southern - Answer: education The Freedmen's Bureau - Answer: distributed food to millions of former slaves As President, Rutherford B. Hayes - Answer: Promised to serve only one term Schuyler Colfax, Grant's vice president, - Answer: was involved in a stock-fixing scandal. Which of the following statements about the end of Reconstruction is accurate? - Answer: Many white Southern leaders sympathized with Republican economic policies in the South but could not publicly support them As Republicans planned for Reconstruction, - Answer: Radicals sought a range of punishments for white Southerners. In the South during the last twenty years of the nineteenth century, - Answer: the southern share of national manufacturing doubled By the 1890s, voting percentages in the south had - Answer: decreased for both blacks and whites Jim Crow Laws - Answer: imposed a system of state-supported segregation After Reconstruction, political power under southern "redeemers" - Answer: was very often restricted and conservative In the 1890s, the black journalist Ida B. Wells devoted her writing to attacking - Answer: the crime of lynching