Pearson Biology Exam Questions and Answers

Pearson Biology Exam Questions and Answers negative feedback - Correct Answer️️ -A form of regulation in which accumulation of an end product of a process slows the process; in physiology, a primary mechanism of homeostasis, whereby a change in a variable triggers a response that counteracts the initial change. cerebellum - Correct Answer️️ -Part of the vertebrate hindbrain located dorsally; functions in unconscious coordination of movement and balance. liver - Correct Answer️️ -A large internal organ in vertebrates that performs diverse functions, such as producing bile, maintaining blood glucose level, and detoxifying poisonous chemicals in the blood. mitosis - Correct Answer️️ -A process of nuclear division in eukaryotic cells conventionally divided into five stages: prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. Mitosis conserves chromosome number by allocating replicated chromosomes equally to each of the daughter nuclei. oxidative phosphorylation - Correct Answer️️ -The production of ATP using energy derived from the redox reactions of an electron transport chain; the third major stage of cellular respiration. pseudopodium/pseudopodia - Correct Answer️️ -A cellular extension of amoeboid cells used in moving and feeding. liverwort - Correct Answer️️ -A small, herbaceous, nonvascular plant that is a member of the phylum Hepatophyta.SMART PDF associative learning - Correct Answer️️ -The acquired ability to associate one environmental feature (such as a color) with another (such as danger). peripheral protein - Correct Answer️️ -A protein loosely bound to the surface of a membrane or to part of an integral protein and not embedded in the lipid bilayer. rubisco - Correct Answer️️ -Ribulose bisphosphate (RuBP) carboxylase-oxygenase, the enzyme that normally catalyzes the first step of the Calvin cycle (the addition of CO2 to RuBP). When excess O2 is present or CO2 levels are low, rubisco can bind oxygen, resulting in photorespiration. invertebrate - Correct Answer️️ -An animal without a backbone. Invertebrates make up 95% of animal species. absorption spectrum - Correct Answer️️ -The range of a pigment's ability to absorb various wavelengths of light; also a graph of such a range. mesoderm - Correct Answer️️ -The middle primary germ layer in a triploblastic animal embryo; develops into the notochord, the lining of the coelom, muscles, skeleton, gonads, kidneys, and most of the circulatory system in species that have these structures. zygomycete - Correct Answer️️ -A member of the fungal phylum Zygomycota, characterized by the formation of a sturdy structure called a zygosporangium during sexual reproduction. reinforcement - Correct Answer️️ -In evolutionary biology, a process in which natural selection strengthens prezygotic barriers to reproduction, thus reducing the chances ofSMART PDF hybrid formation. Such a process is likely to occur only if hybrid offspring are less fit than members of the parent species. natural selection - Correct Answer️️ -A process in which individuals that have certain inherited traits tend to survive and reproduce at higher rates than other individuals because of those traits. prezygotic barrier - Correct Answer️️ -A reproductive barrier that impedes mating between species or hinders fertilization if interspecific mating is atte