Clinical Modalities Exam 2
universality - ANS-comes from recognizing shared feelings and that one's problems are
not unique.
altruism - ANS-Behaviors that benefit other people and for which there is no discernable
extrinsic reward, recognition, or appreciation.
instillation of hope - ANS-is experiencing optimism through observing the improvement
of others in the group
imparting information - ANS-leader shares info and members share factual info based
on personal experiences
corrective recapitulation - ANS-members repeat patterns of behavior in the group that
they learned in their families; with feedback from the leader and peers, they learn about
their own behavior
Development of socializing techniques - ANS-interacting with others and learning social
skills as well as more about oneself in social situations
Imitative behavior - ANS-Group members who have mastered a particular psychosocial
skill or developmental task serve as valuable role models for others.
Cohesiveness - ANS-the tendency of a group or team to stick together
Existential factors - ANS-Members accept responsibility for life decisions
Catharsis - ANS-An emotional discharge that brings about a moral or spiritual renewal
or welcome relief from tension and anxiety
Interpersonal learning - ANS-Members receive feedback regarding how their behaviors
affects others
Self-understanding - ANS-the insight one has into one's problems and the
understanding of how one's behavior positively or negatively influences the problems
autocratic leader - ANS-A form of leadership in which the leader makes decisions on his
or her own and then announces those decisions to the group.
,democratic leader - ANS-a leader who shares control and makes decisions in
consultation with others
laissez-faire leader - ANS-Informal type of leader, allows individuals to function
independently.
Primary purpose of group therapy - ANS-to help individuals better understand
themselves in the context of their relationships so that they can make more informed,
healthy, and adaptive choices based on a deeper awareness of their feelings,
interpersonal behaviors, reactions and patterns is the primary purpose of:
Heterogeneous group - ANS-a group where the members are dissimilar. A general
therapy group which has clients with various problems and backgrounds would be an
example. The group is more like a microcosm of the social system most of us live in.
Moreover, when you combine people you discover that people can learn from each
other and this is said to facilitate personality change.
Homogeneous group - ANS-a group where the members are very similar or alike, such
as Weight Watchers. Since everyone has the difficulty or concern (weight loss or
alcoholism, etc.) people often feel a greater degree of "we-ness" or cohesiveness.
Some experts are convinces the homogeneity in terms of intelligence and levels of
development is desirable. In children's groups, this would mean an age span of no more
than two years (e.g., 10- to 12-year olds). [Generally persons who are similar will sit
next to each other; in groups, "likes" attract.]
Closed group - ANS-Only a set number of specific members are allowed, no one else
can join this group.
Open group - ANS-This kind of group therapy structure is flexible and allows members
to come and go as they desire (e.g., AA Groups)
Corrective Recapitulation of the primary family when conducting group therapy -
ANS-Resembles family setting and clients tend to re-experience old family conflicts if
behavior is dysfunctional it can be corrected
Schizophrenia symptom management goals - ANS-Decreasing hallucinations and
delusions.
Cognitive restructuring, which is identifying negative thoughts, testing them for
accuracy, and reframing them in a positive light.
, Cognitive restructuring - ANS-a therapy that strives to help patients recognize
maladaptive thought patterns and replace them with ways of viewing the world that are
more in tune with reality
Reinforcement while conducting group therapy - ANS-makes the behavior stronger by
following the behavior with a pleasant stimulus; A form of conditioning whereby the
individual receives something desirable; consequence of his or her behavior reward that
increases probability of its recurrence; Increases the probability that behavior will occur.
Functional analytical psychotherapy - ANS-The main techniques include observing,
evoking, reinforcing, blocking and extinguishing clinically relevant behaviors.
Observing - ANS-occurs when the therapist watches clinically relevant behaviors and
the effects of his or her own behavior on client behavior. The therapist also watches
group members effects on each other.
Evoking - ANS-acting in ways that make it more probable that the client will emit a
target behavior. Most often the therapist will prompt a behavior that was targeted for
development, but in certain cases it will be necessary to prompt a problem behavior first
to be able to create a learning opportunity.
Reinforcing behaviors - ANS-reacting to a client's behavior in ways that will increase the
probability of a similar behavior happening in similar situations.
Blocking a behavior - ANS-making it impossible for the behavior to be executed in a
complete enough form to allow it to contact a reinforcing consequence. For example,
interrupting the client.
Extinguishing a behavior - ANS-withholding the relevant reinforcement each time the
target behavior occurs.
monopolists - ANS-may need individual therapy to self-discover/self-reflect; the
therapist may increase leverage by encouraging this client to discuss interpersonal
difficulties in their life, loneliness, lack of close friends, not be listened to by others
silent client - ANS-the therapist must balance placing undue pressure on this client and
allowing the client to an extreme isolate role. The meaning of the silence should be
explored; there may also be silent gestures which communicate their feelings that could
be used to include them into the session
universality - ANS-comes from recognizing shared feelings and that one's problems are
not unique.
altruism - ANS-Behaviors that benefit other people and for which there is no discernable
extrinsic reward, recognition, or appreciation.
instillation of hope - ANS-is experiencing optimism through observing the improvement
of others in the group
imparting information - ANS-leader shares info and members share factual info based
on personal experiences
corrective recapitulation - ANS-members repeat patterns of behavior in the group that
they learned in their families; with feedback from the leader and peers, they learn about
their own behavior
Development of socializing techniques - ANS-interacting with others and learning social
skills as well as more about oneself in social situations
Imitative behavior - ANS-Group members who have mastered a particular psychosocial
skill or developmental task serve as valuable role models for others.
Cohesiveness - ANS-the tendency of a group or team to stick together
Existential factors - ANS-Members accept responsibility for life decisions
Catharsis - ANS-An emotional discharge that brings about a moral or spiritual renewal
or welcome relief from tension and anxiety
Interpersonal learning - ANS-Members receive feedback regarding how their behaviors
affects others
Self-understanding - ANS-the insight one has into one's problems and the
understanding of how one's behavior positively or negatively influences the problems
autocratic leader - ANS-A form of leadership in which the leader makes decisions on his
or her own and then announces those decisions to the group.
,democratic leader - ANS-a leader who shares control and makes decisions in
consultation with others
laissez-faire leader - ANS-Informal type of leader, allows individuals to function
independently.
Primary purpose of group therapy - ANS-to help individuals better understand
themselves in the context of their relationships so that they can make more informed,
healthy, and adaptive choices based on a deeper awareness of their feelings,
interpersonal behaviors, reactions and patterns is the primary purpose of:
Heterogeneous group - ANS-a group where the members are dissimilar. A general
therapy group which has clients with various problems and backgrounds would be an
example. The group is more like a microcosm of the social system most of us live in.
Moreover, when you combine people you discover that people can learn from each
other and this is said to facilitate personality change.
Homogeneous group - ANS-a group where the members are very similar or alike, such
as Weight Watchers. Since everyone has the difficulty or concern (weight loss or
alcoholism, etc.) people often feel a greater degree of "we-ness" or cohesiveness.
Some experts are convinces the homogeneity in terms of intelligence and levels of
development is desirable. In children's groups, this would mean an age span of no more
than two years (e.g., 10- to 12-year olds). [Generally persons who are similar will sit
next to each other; in groups, "likes" attract.]
Closed group - ANS-Only a set number of specific members are allowed, no one else
can join this group.
Open group - ANS-This kind of group therapy structure is flexible and allows members
to come and go as they desire (e.g., AA Groups)
Corrective Recapitulation of the primary family when conducting group therapy -
ANS-Resembles family setting and clients tend to re-experience old family conflicts if
behavior is dysfunctional it can be corrected
Schizophrenia symptom management goals - ANS-Decreasing hallucinations and
delusions.
Cognitive restructuring, which is identifying negative thoughts, testing them for
accuracy, and reframing them in a positive light.
, Cognitive restructuring - ANS-a therapy that strives to help patients recognize
maladaptive thought patterns and replace them with ways of viewing the world that are
more in tune with reality
Reinforcement while conducting group therapy - ANS-makes the behavior stronger by
following the behavior with a pleasant stimulus; A form of conditioning whereby the
individual receives something desirable; consequence of his or her behavior reward that
increases probability of its recurrence; Increases the probability that behavior will occur.
Functional analytical psychotherapy - ANS-The main techniques include observing,
evoking, reinforcing, blocking and extinguishing clinically relevant behaviors.
Observing - ANS-occurs when the therapist watches clinically relevant behaviors and
the effects of his or her own behavior on client behavior. The therapist also watches
group members effects on each other.
Evoking - ANS-acting in ways that make it more probable that the client will emit a
target behavior. Most often the therapist will prompt a behavior that was targeted for
development, but in certain cases it will be necessary to prompt a problem behavior first
to be able to create a learning opportunity.
Reinforcing behaviors - ANS-reacting to a client's behavior in ways that will increase the
probability of a similar behavior happening in similar situations.
Blocking a behavior - ANS-making it impossible for the behavior to be executed in a
complete enough form to allow it to contact a reinforcing consequence. For example,
interrupting the client.
Extinguishing a behavior - ANS-withholding the relevant reinforcement each time the
target behavior occurs.
monopolists - ANS-may need individual therapy to self-discover/self-reflect; the
therapist may increase leverage by encouraging this client to discuss interpersonal
difficulties in their life, loneliness, lack of close friends, not be listened to by others
silent client - ANS-the therapist must balance placing undue pressure on this client and
allowing the client to an extreme isolate role. The meaning of the silence should be
explored; there may also be silent gestures which communicate their feelings that could
be used to include them into the session
