MCAT: Biology Quick Notes with Correct Solutions

MCAT: Biology Quick Notes with Correct Solutions Central Dogma - Correct Answer️️ -DNA -> RNA -> Protein RNA and the Genetic Code - Correct Answer️️ -The Genetic Code What is the accurate order? A Transcription then Translation B Translation then Transcription - Correct Answer️️ -A Transcription then Translation (think c comes before s) What are the 3 major types of RNA involved in transcription? - Correct Answer️️ - mRNA tRNA rRNA What is the function of mRNA? - Correct Answer️️ --carries the message from DNA in the nucleus via transcription of the gene -travels to the cyotoplasm to be translated What is the function of tRNA? - Correct Answer️️ -brings in amino acids; recognizes the codon on the mRNA using its anticodon What is the function of rRNA? - Correct Answer️️ -makes up much of the ribosome Is ribosomal RNA enzymatically: a active b inactive - Correct Answer️️ -active Mneumonic to remember the three types of RNA - Correct Answer️️ -MTR (like the spice) The Cell - Correct Answer️️ -Organelles of Eukaryotic Cells Organelles of Eukaryotic Cells Include: - Correct Answer️️ -Nucleus Mitochondrion Lysosomes Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum Golgi Apparatus Peroxisomes Nucleus - Correct Answer️️ -contains all the genetic material necessary for replication of the cell Mitochondrion - Correct Answer️️ -location of many metabolic processes (pyruvate dehydrogenase, citric acid cycle, ETC, oxidative phosphorylation, Beta oxidation, some of gluconeogenesis, urea cycle) and ATP production Lysosomes - Correct Answer️️ -membrane-bound structures containing hydrolytic enzymes capable of breaking down many different substrates T/F: Both the rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum are interconnected membranous structures - Correct Answer️️ -True Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum - Correct Answer️️ -interconnected membranous structure with ribosomes studding the outside; site of synthesis of proteins destined for insertion into a membrane or secretion Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum - Correct Answer️️ -interconnected membranous structure where lipid synthesis and detoxification occurs Golgi Apparatus - Correct Answer️️ -membrane-bound sacs where posttranslational modification of proteins occurs Peroxisomes - Correct Answer️️ -organelle containing hydrogen peroxide; site of Beta oxidation of very long chain fatty acids The Cell - Correct Answer️️ -Prokaryotes Prokaryotes are classified by __________. - Correct Answer️️ -sha