GNUR 293_ Exam 4 (1).

GNUR 293: Exam 4
Central chemoreceptors - ANS-Located in the medullary center
Respond to changes in CO2 and pH

Peripheral chemoreceptors - ANS-Located in the aortic arch and carotid bodies
Respond to decrease in arterial O2 (PaCO2)

Why can administering too much oxygen to a COPD patient potentially cause
respiratory arrest? - ANS-COPD patients rely on low levels of oxygen as their main
stimulus to breathe (hypoxic drive). Supplementing too much oxygen takes away this
drive to breath.

What is the FiO2 of room air? - ANS-21%

What is the most common cause of hypoxemia? - ANS-V/Q mismatch

Low V/Q mismatch - ANS-Low ventilation
Normal perfusion

High V/Q mismatch - ANS-Normal ventilation
Low perfusion

Hypoxic hypoxia causes - ANS-High altitude
Hypoventilation
Obstruction

Anemic hypoxia causes - ANS-Low hemoglobin

Circulatory hypoxia causes - ANS-Low CO
Shock

Histoxic hypoxia causes - ANS-Decreased O2 carrying capacity from a toxic substance
ex: cyanide, CO2

How is respiratory failure defined? (ABGs) - ANS-Low PaO2 (< 60 mmHg)
PaCO2 > 50 mmHg
pH > 7.30