Multidimensional Care Final Exam QUESTION AND ANSWES 2024

Multidimensional Care Final Exam QUESTION AND ANSWES 2024 HIV Lab Values Low CD4+, normal CD8 Kaposi's sarcoma AIDS-related malignant skin and mucous membrane lesions, purplish-brown, raised, edematous Quantitative RNA assay Measures the viral load/amount of HIV in serum, monitor progression and treatment effectiveness Western Blot Analysis Confirms HIV positive CD4+, T-cell count 500-1200 cells/mm3 Inflammation S/S Heat, pain, edema, erythema Chain of infection Infectious agent - transient flora/pathogens Reservoir - source of infection Portal of exit - body fluid -- how infections spread Mode of transmission - indirect or direct contact Portal of entry - how pathogens enter body Susceptible host - person at risk for infection Neutropenia Low neutrophil count, at increased risk for infection Neutrophil lab values 1.5-8 () Main function of antibiotics Stop infections by killing bacteria Humoral Immunity Protects body by circulating antibodies to fight against pathogens Natural active immunity After a person becomes sick, body produces its own anti-bodies Natural passive immunity Antibodies passed from mother to baby Artificial active immunity Immune response occurs when body is exposed to weakened or dead pathogens in a vaccine Artificial passive immunity Person receives serum from another person or animal that has antibodies needed Cellular immunity Response acts directly to destroy pathogen Primary Prevention Avoid development of health problem in health people Secondary prevention Early disease detection Tertiary prevention Help for people already affected Stage 1 Pressure Ulcer Intact skin, non-blanching / transparent dressing Stage 2 Pressure Ulcer Open skin but shallot, partial thickness loss, may be intact or open, shallow, no slough or bruising / hydrogel Stage 3 Pressure Ulcer Full-thickness skin loss, deep crater / hydrogel, alginate Stage 4 Pressure Ulcer Full-thickness skin loss, tissue necrosis, damage to muscle, bone, support structures, exposed bone, slough or eschar / hydrogel, alginate, wet bandage Blanching Skin turns white when pressed Braden scale Evaluates client for moisture, activity, mobility, nutrition, friction and shear possibility Norton Scale Evaluates physical and mental condition, activity, mobility, incontinence Proper way to remove sutures Every other one Priority interventions for cellulitis Drain wounds/obtain specimen, monitor complication, clean area, wound care, moist heat and elevation Eschar Necrotic, black, wound bed Serious exudate Yellowish Purulent exudate Thick and odorous Sanguineous exudate Bloody Serosanguinous exudate Watery, red drainage Puro sanguineous exude Red-tinged pus Psoriasis Silvery and white scales / tar preparation, corticosteroids, ultra violet light therapy Dehiscence Surgical incision "pop" open with blood-tinged drainage Evisceration Total separation of the layers of a wound with internal viscera protruding through the incision S/S of deep vein thrombosis Pain, edema, warmth, bluish, discoloration, generally in one limb only Regenerative/ Epithelial Healing Only affects the epidermis and dermis no scar forms partial thickness wounds heal this way Primary Intention Healing Occurs where the tissue surfaces have been approximated, and there is minimal or no tissue loss, little scaring (clean surgical site) Secondary Intention Healin