BIOL 191: Exam #1 STEVENSON UNR(Questions & Answers 100% Correct!

Evolution - ANSWER"descent with modification"; the view that all organisms are related through descent from another ancestor that lived in the remote past Fossils - ANSWERremains or traces of organisms from the past, usually found in sedimentary rock (one of three main rock groups) Strata - ANSWERa layer or a series of layers of rock in the ground Ancestral species - ANSWERspecies descended from ancestors found in lower strata layers Derived species - ANSWERspecies that branches off from another species found in the upper layers of the strata Adaptation - ANSWERthe process; any alteration in the structure or function of an organism or any of its parts that results from natural selection, by which the organism becomes better fitted to survive and multiply in its environment Adaptations - ANSWERthe traits of an organism that change Artificial selection - ANSWERthe process of humans modifying other species by selecting or breeding individuals wth desired traits Darwin's Observation #1 - ANSWERMembers of a population often vary in their inherited traits Darwin's Observation #2 - ANSWERAll species can produce more offspring that the environment can support, and many of these offspring fail to survive and reproduce Darwin's Inference #1 - ANSWERIndividuals whose inherited traits give them a higher probability of surviving and reproducing in a given environment tend to leave more offspring than other individuals Darwin's Inference #2 - ANSWERThe unequal ability of individuals to survive and reproduce will lead to the acclimation of favorable traits in the population over generations