ABFAS Basic Science Exam Questions and Answers All Correct

ABFAS Basic Science Exam Questions and Answers All Correct How many muscles are associated with the 1st MPJ? - Answer-6 all together: 2 Extrinsic (EHL, FHL) 4 intrinsic (EHB, FHB, abductor hallucis, adductor hallucis) What makes up the 1st ray? - Answer-1st metatarsal & medial cuneiform How does the axis of the 1st Ray run? - Answer-Axis runs from anterolateral/slightly plantar to posteromedial/slightly dorsal and is angled about 45 degrees from both the frontal and sagittal planes with little divergence from Transverse. As the 1st ray DF; it inverts and as it PF; it everts What is the axis of the 1st MPJ? - Answer-The 1st MPJ has 2 axis. Vertical (DF/PL) & horizontal (ABD/ADD); there is no longitudinal axis & therefore any frontal plane motion of the great toe is abnormal. What is normal ROM of 1st MPJ? - Answer-During static examination the ROM is only 45 degrees (Hallux DF 21-25 degrees + 20 degrees of metatarsal declination) without movement of the first ray. The total ROM of the 1st MPJ during closed kinetic chain motion is 65-75 degrees What is the normal angle of the following? Hallux Abductus: DASA: PASA: Metatarsus primus adductus (IMA): Hallux Interphalangeus (HI): Metatarsal Protrusion Angle: MA: Tibial Sesamoid Position: - Answer-Hallux Abductus: 15 DASA: 7.5 PASA: 7.5 Metatarsus primus adductus (IMA): 8 Hallux Interphalangeus (HI): 0-10 Metatarsal Protrusion Angle: +/- 2mm MA: 10-20 Tibial Sesamoid Position: 1-3 (tibial sesamoid) What information does the tibial sesamoid position give you? - Answer-The position of the tibial sesamoid is used as an indication to remove the fibular sesamoid. Generally, the fibular sesamoid should be removed when the tibial sesamoid is in a position of 4 or more. In this position, the sesamoid is resting on or over the crista of the first metatarsal and thus is usually eroded What shape of the metatarsal head is the most stable? - Answer-When the metatarsal head is square with a ridge it is the most stable vs. round shape which is the most unstable What are the 5 normal first ray essentials - Answer-1. Supinated position of the foot in propulsion 2. Normal metatarsal length pattern (2 longer than 3) 3. Normal strength & phasic activity of muscles 4. Normal sesamoid apparatus 5. Stable base of the proximal phalanx What is the most common etiology for HAV deformity? - Answer-Hypermobility of the 1st ray secondary to subtalar joint pronation or ligament laxity