TESTBANK FOR RELIAS RN PHARMACOLOGY ACTUAL EXAM 2024. Questions with 100 correct and verified answers. LATEST UPDATE 2024.

TESTBANK FOR RELIAS RN PHARMACOLOGY ACTUAL EXAM 2024. Questions with 100% correct and verified answers. LATEST UPDATE 2024. GRADED A+. "Red Man" Syndrome may occur during the administration of vancomycin (Vancocin), primarily due to - ansAn increase in histamine production *WRONG* Which medication is used to treat iron toxicity? - ansA) digoxin immune fab (Digibind) B) Naloxone (Narcan) C) Mephyton (Vitamin K) D) *WRONG* deferoxamine (Digibind) *WRONG* Which of the following anticoagulant is MOST commonly administered for DVT prophylaxis in a patient who has undergone a hip replacement? - ansA)*WRONG* heparin B) enoxaparin C) aspirin D) warfarin A nurse is caring for a patient with hyperparathyroidism and notes that the patient's serum calcium level is 13mg/dl. Which medication should the nurse prepare to administer as prescribed to the patient? - anscalcintonin (Miacalcin) A patient has a prescription to take Guaifenesin (Mucinex) every 4 hours, as needed. The nurse determines that the patient understands the MOST effective use of the medication if the patient states that he or she will: - anstake the medication with a full glass of water A patient's capillary blood glucose reading is 33mg/dl. Which of the following medications will the nurse administer if the patient is unable to tolerate PO? ansDextrose 50% IV push - A provider orders one liter of NS to be infused over four hours. At what rate would you set the IV pump? - ans250ml/hr Acetylsalicylic acid (Aspirin) has which of the following pharmacological effects? - ansAnti-inflammatory, anti-pyretic, decrease platelet aggregation Convert 1.2 milligrams to micrograms - ans1200 mcg Normal Saline (NS) is the solution of choice over D5W when preparing to administer a blood transfusion because: - ansNormal Saline is an isotonic solution and prevents cell hemolysis Patient is to receive 5mg/kg of medication. Patient weighs 80kg. How much would you administer? - ans400mg Sildenafil (Viagra) is prescribed to treat a patient with erectile dysfunction. A nurse reviews the patient's medical record and would question the prescription if which of the following is noted in the history? - ansUse of nitroglycerin Sildenaphil(viagra) is prescribed to treat a patient with erectile dysfuction. A nurse reviews the patient's medical record and would question the prescription of which of the following is noted in the history? - ansUse of Nitroglycerin The dosage of which drug must be tapered off slowly to prevent acute adrenal insufficiency? - ansprednisone (Deltasone) The patient is diagnosed with multiple myeloma. The physician has ordered cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan). Which instruction should be given to the patient? - ansIncrease daily water intake The patient is diagnosed with multiple Myeloma. The physician has ordered cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan). Which instruction should be given to the patient? - ansIncrease daily water intake When a patient has pernicious anemia, the nurse would expect to give them: - ansVitamin B12 When caring for a patient with a central line who is receiving TPN, what is the MOST important action on the part of the nurse to prevent CLABSI? - ansPerform correct sterile technique for dressing change at the CVC site When teaching a new nurse on how to administer IV push furosemide (Lasix), you emphasize that it should be given over two minutes to avoid: - anstinnitus Which of the following is considered an antiplatelet medication? - ansclopidogrel (Plavix) Which of the following medications is known to cause orange-colored urine? - ansphenazopyridine (Pyridium) Which of the following medications should be held today considering that your patient received IV contract two hours ago fir a CT scan? - ansMetformin (Glucophage) Which of the following medications should be questioned by the nurse, if ordered by the provider to treat a patient's complaint of nausea and vomiting? - ansfamotidine (Pepcid) Which of the following medications will crystalize when mixed with D5NS? - ansphenytoin (Dilantin) While delivering the lunch tray of a patient who is taking warfarin (Coumadin), the nurse notices diversity of food items. Which of the following foods would be a concern? - ansSpinach You are caring for a patient with diabetes. Humalog insulin is ordered via sliding scale AC and HS. When is the best time to administer Humalog insulin? - ans15 minutes before meal arrives You are ordered to give digoxin. Your patient's vital signs are as follows: Blood Pressure 130/75, Temp 97.9 oral, HR 52, O2 Sat 100% room air. What should you do next? - ansHold digoxin and call the provider Your patient has an epidural infusing hydromorphone with bupivacaine at 6ml/hr continuously. The patient's blood pressure at the beginning of your shift was 92/58 with a heart rate of 68. You noticed the patient's blood pressures have been around 130/70. What should you do FIRST? - ansCheck infusion rate to confirm 6ml/hr, then notify anesthesia provider Your patient has been diagnosed with. chronic CHF and will be taking Lasix 80mg PO twice a day. When teaching about high Potassium foods in the diet, which group of foods would you recommend to the patient? - ansBananas, spinach, raisins Your patient is on a Morphine PCA after a recent exploratory surgery. While doing your rounds, you notice that your patient is slumped over, unresponsive, with delayed and slow respirations. You suspect narcotic overdose. Which reversal medication would you administer? - ansnaloxone (Narcan) Your patient is receiving vancomycin (Vancocin) 500mg IV every 12 hours. As a nurse, you understand that the PRIMARY rationale for monitoring serum levels of vancomycin is that: - ansIt can cause nephrotoxicity Your patient is to receive 2 G vancomycin over 2 hours. The medication comes in from the pharmacy as 2 G Vancomycin in 250ml normal saline. At what rate will the IV medication run? - ans125ml/hr Your patient presents with CHF and has a Potassium level of 5.8. Which diuretic do you anticipate being ordered by the provider? - ansbumetanide (Bumex) Your patient taking digoxin (Lanoxin) has an AM Potassium level of 3.0. This level may: - ansIncrease risk of digoxin toxicity Your patient, a Type 1 diabetic with a history of schizophrenia is exhibiting signs and symptoms of tardive dyskinesia, Which of the following long-term medications is more likely the etiology of the problem? - anschlorpromazine (Thorazine) When implementing interventions at the systems-level of practice, the public health nurse would: a. Involve the entire community in solving the health problem. b. Identify health problems in the community. c. Change laws, policies, and practices that influence population-based issues. d. Provide outreach services to populations at risk. - ANSANS: C Systems-level practice consists of changing laws, policies, and practices that influence population-based issues. . Which statement regarding mutations is true? a. Mutations in the DNA sequence occur on a regular basis. b. Mutagens are a result of a mutation. c. Environmental factors can be linked to many mutations. d. Spontaneous mutations occur because of environmental exposure. - ANSANS: C A large number of agents are known to cause mutations. These mutations are attributed to known environmental causes. DNA replication is very accurate, thus, mutations do not occur on a regular basis. Mutagens are the factors that cause mutations. Spontaneous mutations occur naturally during DNA replication. 1. A home health case manager is charged with identifying opportunities for health promotion and illness prevention. The fulfillment of this charge would best be demonstrated when the case manager: a. collaborates with a local chaplain to ensure that the spiritual needs of cancer clients are addressed. b. refers a new diabetic client to a nutrition counselor for dietary teaching. c. teaches a school nurse how to care for a client who will be returning to school and will require new asthma treatments. d. tracks the immunization status of clients and facilitates access to immunization when needed. - ANSANS: D Case management involves assessment—in this case, screening—and arrangement for delivery of services. Primary prevention includes case management to identify at-risk clients and arrange for services to prevent disease. Through nurse management activities, general community deficiencies in the quality or quantity of health services are often discovered. Case management activities with individual clients and families will reveal the broader picture of health services in and health status of the community. Community assessment, policy development, and assurance activities that frame the core functions of public health actions are often the logical next step in the nurse case manager's practice to intervene at the community level to make changes. Therefore, the core components of case management and the nursing process are complementary. The nursing process function of assessment is complementary to the case management process function of case finding and includes such activities as applying screening tools according to program goals and objectives. 1. A nurse is assigned to provide community outreach to a small town that was partially destroyed by a tornado 3 years earlier and has been rebuilt. The first client is a family who lost their home and their best friend in the tornado. The best intervention would include: a. assessment of the family's home environment to rule out safety issues. b. avoidance of discussion of the disaster of 3 years ago. c. consideration that the family will have worked through the emotional aftermath by now. d. support of the family in preparing a personal disaster response plan. - ANSANS: D The approach of relief activities needs to shift from short-term aid to long-term support. Promoting individual, family, and community preparedness increases safety in the event of disaster and can help children and adults feel empowered. This builds on the resilience of the individual, family, and/or community. Individuals and families still need to be assessed for indications of mental distress (case finding) and referred to a mental health professional if the need exists. Open discussions of the family's response to the slow process of recovery or long-term results of living under adverse conditions can uncover lingering mental distress or exacerbations of chronic conditions that require attention. During the initial stages of recovery environmental safety issues should have been addressed. 1. A nurse performing home hospice case management notes the increasing number of hospice clients who lack caregivers in the home environment. The nurse identifies the potential need for a hospice house facility to meet the needs of these clients. The case management process frequently reveals larger picture issues such as which of the following?(Select all that apply.) a. Community cost concerns b. Community conflict resolution skills c. Community satisfaction d. Community weaknesses in quality of services e. Community weaknesses in quantity of services - ANSANS: D, E Case management activities with individual clients and families very often reveal the larger picture of health services and health status of a community. General community weaknesses in the quality and quantity of services often are discovered. The nurse can then intervene at the community level to initiate changes. In this case, the nurse identified a deficiency in the quality of hospice services to individuals who did not have a caregiver in the home environment and the parallel concern of the lack of hospicerelated facilities to meet the needs of these clients to achieve a quality dying process. 1. A nurse volunteering at a local homeless shelter notes that many of the clients have acute and chronic illnesses and are in need of primary health care services. The most effective strategy to consider when networking with homeless individuals, families, or populations is to: a. form a community partnership to establish a clinic for homeless persons. b. create a trusting environment and establish a therapeutic relationship. c. collaborate with the local United Way to obtain funding for primary care services. d. dialogue with local clergy to address the unmet primary care need for homeless persons. - ANSANS: B Nurses need to be able to work with poor and homeless clients to promote, maintain, and restore health. Nurses must be prepared to look at the whole picture: the person, the family, and the community interacting with the environment. In working with the homeless, it is important to create a trusting environment. Trust is essential to the development of a therapeutic relationship with poor or homeless persons. Many clients and families have been disappointed by interactions with health care and social systems. They are now mistrustful and see little hope for change. Establishing a trusting relationship lays the foundation for a more comprehensive assessment of clients' perception of their health care needs and a determination of factors that may contribute to their current health status issues. 1. A school nurse is teaching a class of sophomores about the relationship between the risk of sexually transmitted disease (STD) and risk-taking behaviors. A key point to include is: a. all STDs are easily preventable with consistent condom use. b. once a young woman is pregnant, she is no longer at risk for most STDs. c. STDs are most likely to be transmitted during a student's initial sexual encounter. d. use of alcohol and drugs makes a student more likely to make decisions that result in exposure to and infection with STDs. - ANSANS: D Drug use is linked to STD transmission because drugs such as alcohol lower inhibitions and impair judgment about engaging in risky behaviors. Addictions to drugs may cause individuals to acquire the drug or money to purchase the drug by performing sexual favors. This increases both the frequency of sexual contacts and the chances of contracting STDs. Adolescents are particularly at risk. Not all STDs are preventable through condom use. The challenge of preventing human papillomavirus (HPV) infection (genital warts) is that condoms do not necessarily prevent infection because warts may grow in areas that barriers such as condoms do not cover and skin-to-skin contact may occur 1. Advantages of community health program planning include ensuring that available resources are used to meet the needs of the population and: a. applying for grants. b. identifying clients and soliciting board members' support. c. identifying resources, activities, and needs. d. increasing the visibility of the program. - ANSANS: C Community health program planning is population focused and puts the well-being of the public above private interests. Systematic planning for meeting the needs of populations in a community has benefits for clients, nurses, employing agencies, and the community. It ensures that available resources are used to address the actual needs of people in the community, focuses attention on what the organization and health provider are attempting to do for clients, identifies resources and activities that are needed to meet the objectives of client services, reduces role ambiguity by giving responsibility to specific providers to meet program objectives, reduces uncertainty within the program environment, increases the ability of the provider and agency to cope with the external environment and anticipate events, allows for quality decision making, and provides better control over the actual program results. Identifying clients, soliciting board support, applying for grants, and promoting the actual program are steps in the implementation phase of program management. 1. Effects of homelessness on health care outcomes can be devastating and may include which of the following? (Select all that apply.) a. Higher incidence of acute and chronic disease b. Higher risk of physical trauma c. Crisis-oriented health care, usually in emergency departments d. Reduced eligibility for entitlement/assistance programs e. Lack of awareness of care options - ANSANS: A, B, C, E