BIOL 112 FINAL EXAM REVIEW WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS

Darwin’s theory of evolution is a strong theory, but at the time of proposing the theory, some aspects were yet to be explained. Which of the following things below did Darwin understand and incorporate into his theory? a. That inherited variations could increase an organism's ability to survive and reproduce b. How chromosomes were inherited c. That genetic mutation could be responsible for making new alleles d. That genes were the templates for making proteins a. That inherited variations could increase an organism's ability to survive and reproduce As humans use more antibiotics to kill off bacteria, bacteria that are not resistant to antibiotics die off leaving a population of bacteria that are most resistant to antibiotics. This would be an example of which of the following? a. Natural selection b. Allopatric speciation c. Sympatric speciation d. Temporal isolation a. Natural selectionOn a cladogram (phylogenetic tree), what is the branch point called that comes off first and is believed to be the closest related ancestor to the common ancestor of the group? a. Polytomy b. Sister taxa c. Basal taxon d. Monophyletic taxon c. Basal taxon When DNA is transferred “sideways” between organisms, and sometimes species, this would result in which of the following? a. Adaptive radiation b. Vertical gene transfer c. Gametic isolation d. Horizontal gene isolation d. Horizontal gene isolation When calculating allele frequency, if p= 0.55, what is q? a. 0.55 b. 0.45 c. 1.45 d. 0.63b. 0.45 The potato and the sweet potato are NOT closely related. The potato comes from South America in the region of Peru and Bolivia and is in the nightshade family. The Sweet Potato is in the morning glory family and new research suggests it comes from Asia. The fact that both plants evolved a large starchy root to store energy would be an example of which of the concepts below? a. Analogous structures due to convergence b. Analogous structures due to divergence