CNS Sample Questions Section 2A Individual Nutrients Practice Questions and Answers

What is dysgeusia? A distortion of the sense of taste. Dysgeusia may result from a dietary deficiency of the nutrient _____. Zinc Pantothenic acid of a component of _____. Coenzyme A Coenzyme A has a role in what two processes? (1) the synthesis and oxidation of fatty acids, and (2) the oxidation of pyruvate in the citric acid cycle Selenium deficiency has been implicated in the development of _____. Subclinical hypothyroidism The dietary fatty acid considered to be essential in the diet of humans is _____. What kind of fatty acid is this? Linoleic acid; Omega-6 What is stearic acid? An 18-carbon chain saturated fatty acid associated with lowed LDL (unlike most saturated fats) What is oleic acid? A monounsaturated omega-9 fatty acid; named for olive oil, as olive oil is composed primarily of oleic acid Describe these four terms: (1) ferrous iron - aka iron (II) oxide or ferrous oxide, (2) ferric iron - - aka iron (III) oxide, found in food (3) ferritin - an intracellular protein that stores and releases iron (4) transferrin - iron-binding blood plasma glycoproteins that control the level of free iron in biological fluids Iron is absorbed in the small intestine in the form of _____. Ferrous iron What is microencephaly? A neurodevelopmental disorder in which the circumference of the head is smaller than average. The risk of congenital microencephaly increases during pregnancy when habitual intake of pre-formed vitamin A exceed the RDA for vitamin A by _____-fold. 5 How may vitamin C, vitamin E and β-carotene exert cardio-protective effects? By inhibiting the oxidation of LDL What are two signs of deficiency in essential fatty acids? Dull skin and dandruff The form in which fatty acids usually are found in food is as _____. Triglycerides List two dietary sources of omega-3 fatty acids. Flax oil, cold water fish The disease associated with deficiency of vitamin B1 is known as _____. Beriberi Polyneuropathy may accompany chronic consumption of large amounts of _____. Alcohol Of beef, bacon, salmon, and broccoli, the food source with the greatest nutrient density (g/100kcal) for fat is _____. Bacon Chromium influences plasma glucose concentrations by stimulating _____. Myocyte (muscle tissue) sodium-glucose transport.