Final Exam Review Nurs 6531 Deck 1 Questions and Answers 100% Pass

Final Exam Review Nurs 6531 Deck 1 Questions and Answers 100% Pass What are signs & symptoms of SIADH (Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone)? - Correct Answer ️️ -Increased production of ADH (antidiuretic hormone), hyponatremia, concentrated urine (from excess water resorption), elevated urine osmolality, mental status changes from cerebral edema. Diabetes insipidus is associated with what sodium level? - Correct Answer ️️ - Hypernatremia Psychogenic polydipsia results in urine that is: - Correct Answer ️️ -diluted with low osmolality and hyponatremia How would you determine the cause of a patient's AKI who presents with decreased urine output, history of neurogenic bladder, chronic foley, dark urine, and Cr increase from 1.3 to 2.1 over 3 months? - Correct Answer ️️ -Flush the foley catheter to see if urine comes out and assess the patency of the catheter. This action will unblock clogged sediment or biofilm from chronic bacteriuria. When a female patient presents to the ER after sexual assault, what medications should be offered prior to discharge? - Correct Answer ️️ -Ceftriaxone, azithromycin, Plan B, and Metronidazole. Manifestations of Conn syndrome (hyperaldosteronism)? - Correct Answer ️️ - hypernatremia, hypokalemia, and hypertension What causes Cushing syndrome? - Correct Answer ️️ -Increased levels of glucocorticoids, can be exogenous (from therapy) or endogenous (from adenoma or neoplasm). Manifestations of Cushing syndrome? - Correct Answer ️️ -hypertension, truncal obesity, osteoporosis, skin fragility, and hyperglycemia. What differentiates primary adrenocortical insufficiency from secondary adrenocortical insufficiency? - Correct Answer ️️ -Skin hyperpigmentation is present in primary adrenocortical insufficiency What is Trousseau's sign? - Correct Answer ️️ -A carpal spasm elicited by compression of the upper arm with a BP cuff that indicates hypocalcemia. What is Chovstek's sign? - Correct Answer ️️ -A hemifacial tic that is induced by tapping the facial nerve below the maxilla that indicates hypocalcemia. What is Babinski's sign? - Correct Answer ️️ -An upward response (extension) of the hallux when the sole of the foot is stimulated with a blunt instrument. Can identify spinal cord disease in adults. What is Romberg's sign? - Correct Answer ️️ -Loss of balance in standing when eyes are closed. Usually indicating a loss of proprioception or lesion in the cerebellum. What is Homan's sign? - Correct Answer ️️ -pain on passive dorsiflexion of ankle, associated with DVT. What is the clinical presentation of Goodpasture's syndrome? - Correct Answer ️️ - Urinalysis: Specific gravity: 1.020. pH 5.5, 1+ albumin and large blood present. Chest XR positive for bilateral diffuse infiltrates. BUN 30, Cr 3.0 Symptoms: dyspnea with hemoptysis What is Goodpasture syndrome? - Correct Answer ️️ -Damage to alveolar and renal glomerular basement membranes by cytotoxic antibody. Initial treatment for Goodpasture's syndrome? - Correct Answer ️️ -Hospitalization, pulse dose of steroids, begin plasmapheresis and cyclophosphamide therapy. Characteristics of Grave's disease - Correct Answer ️️ -Ophthalmopathy (lid retraction, scleral show, proptosis) and hyperthyroidism What organism causes the formation of a staghorn calculus? - Correct Answer ️️ - Proteus mirabilus What organism causes Toxic shock syndrome? - Correct Answer ️️ -Staphylococcus aureus What electrolyte disturbance is most likely to lead to tetany and neuromuscular irritability? - Correct Answer ️️ -Hypocalcemia Features of hypercalcemia include? - Correct Answer ️️ -"Stones, groans, moans, and bones." Delerium and renal stones When you see hypochloremia, the patient may have? - Correct Answer ️️ -Metabolic Alkalosis Hyperkalemia is associated with what cardiac abnormalities? - Correct Answer ️️ - peaked T-waves, wide QRS, and ventricular arrhythmia