WGU - C190 Exam Preparation Questions and Answers

Coevolution Event The process by which two or more species evolve in tandem by exerting selection pressures on each other Speciation Event A lineage-splitting event that produces two or more separate species. Phylogenetic Event The evolutionary development and history of a species or higher taxonomic grouping of organisms. Also called phylogenesis. The evolutionary development of an organ or other part of an organism Homology Event Shared trait among species Mutation A Mutation occurs when a DNA gene is damaged or changed in such a way as to alter the genetic message carried by that gene. Gene Flow is the transfer of alleles or genes from one population to another. Migration into or out of a population may be responsible for a marked change in allele frequencies (the proportion of members carrying a particular variant of a gene). Genetic Drift is the change in the frequency of an existing gene variant (allele) in a population due to RANDOM sampling of organisms. Ex. Earthquake or disaster Artificial Selection The breeding of plants and animals to produce desirable traits Krebs Cycle/Citric Acid Cycle release stored energy through the oxidation of acetyl-CoA derived from carbohydrates, fats, and proteins into carbon dioxide and chemical energy Calvin Cycle is the set of chemical reactions that take place in chloroplasts during photosynthesis. Electron Transport Chain A group of compounds that pass electron from one to another via redox reactions coupled with the transfer of proton across a membrane to create a proton gradient that drives ATP synthesis. (Produces most ATP) Glycolysis The process in cell metabolism by which carbohydrates and sugars, especially glucose, are broken down, producing ATP and pyruvic acid.