Intro to Biology Unit 2- WGU (C190) Exam Preparation Questions with 100% Correct Answers

Intro to Biology Unit 2 - WGU (C190) Exam Preparation Questions with 100% Correct Answe rs Protons ✅Positively charged particles; located in the nucleus. Relative mass of 1.0 Neutrons ✅the particles of the nucleus that have no charge, located in the nucleus. Relative mass of 1.0 Electrons ✅Negatively charged particles that orbit outside of the nucleus in shells; shells fill following a specific pattern( 2 in the first shell, 8 in the next) relative mass: negligible or 0. Ion ✅An atom with a positive or a negative charge. Element ✅is a substance that is composed of a single type of atom. Atomic Mass ✅the sum of the number of protons and the number of neutrons. Covalent bond ✅Strong. Occurs between atoms in the same molecule, Electron pairs are shared, creating a strong bond between atoms. Ionic Bond ✅Moderately strong. Occurs between charged atoms (ions). Electron transfer from one atom to another, resulting in a moderately strong electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions. Hydrogen Bond ✅Weak. Occurs between atoms in different molecules or parts of molecules. Weak electrostatic attraction between areas of molecules with opposite partial charges. 4 properties of water ✅1) excellent solvent and can dissolve a wide range of substances. 2) it is cohesive. 3) water's temperature tends to remain stable. 4) solid water (ice) is less dense than liquid water. Solvent ✅the component of the solution in the greatest quantity. Solutes ✅The components present in lower quantities. Hydrophilic ✅water loving Hydrophobic ✅water -fearing or water -hating. Cohesion ✅Attraction between molecules of the same substance Surface tension ✅the capacity of a liquid's surface to resist being ruptured when placed under tension or stress. Adhesion ✅the attraction between water molecules and other molecules. Water molecules form hydrogen bonds because water is ___________. ✅Polar Organic Molecule ✅an molecule that contains a carbon to hydrogen (C -H) covalent bond. Examples: glucose, methane, DNA, protein, and fat. Inorganic Molecules ✅are relatively stable, simple, and store little chemical potential energy. Examples: water, oxygen, gas, carbon dioxide, and sodium chloride. Monomers ✅a small organic molecule that may bind chemically to other molecules to form a polymer. Polymers ✅large molecules consisting of repeating structural units or monomers, connected by covalent chemical bonds. 4 major classes of biological macro -molecules: ✅1) Charbohydrates 2) Protiens 3) nucleic acids 4) lipids Charbohydrates ✅are essential for energy storage, cellular communication and structural support. Made up of sugars. Nucleic Acids ✅are essential for information storage within a cell and passing on this information to the next generation. (DNA) made up of nucleotides Lipids ✅are essential for energy storage and maintaining a boundary between the living organism and its environment. Made up of fatty acids. Proteins ✅are essential for carrying out most of the necessary functions of life. Made up of amino acids. Charbohydrates ✅are organic molecules that consist of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms in a 1:2:1 ratio.