Applied Pathophysiology Study Guide with Questions and Answers

Immune response is considered to be the third line of defense and wages a specific defense depending on the type of invader Injury is defined in the broadest sense to include any form of damage or alteration to cells or tissues Vascular response to increase blood flow to the site of an injury Cellular response to alert the products of healing to attend to the site of injury Dilate widen Permeable loosening to allow cells to easily move through tissues or vessels Endothelial cells form a tight junction within the inner lining of the blood and lymphatic vessels and the heart Basement membrane is the outer membrane of the vessels, which separates the vessel from the tissues of the body Phagocytosis the process of engulfing and removing harmful agents, as well as cells essential in promoting healing and developing an immune response. Exudate the watery fluid that accumulates at the site of injury, has a high protein and leukocyte concentration Inflammatory mediators specifically vasoactive inflammatory mediators, facilitate the process of widening and loosening the blood vessels at the site of injury. Mast cells are leukocytes (wbcs) that are housed throughout the connective tissues of the body and near all blood vessels. Allows for a rapid response directly at the site of the injury Degranulation the mast cell breaks apart and releases inflammatory mediators in the form of extracellular granules Basophil a wbc that also contains granules, functions in the same manner