Applied Pathophysiology Quiz with Questions and Detailed Answers

What is the meaning of the term cellular adaptation? Cells are able to adapt to workload or threats to survival by changing their size, number, and form What are the types of adverse changes? 1. Disuse 2. Overuse or increased workload 3. Hormonal Response (increase or decrease) 4. Environmental Stress (smoke, chemicals, etc.) 5. Environmental Stress (smoke, chemicals,etc.) 6. Chronic Irritation (smoke, viruses, etc.) What are the different types of cellular adaptation? 1. Atropy 2. Hypertropy 3. Hyperpasia 4, Metaplasia 5. Dysplasia What is atropy ? Decrease/shrinkage in cellular size What is hypertropy ? Increase in size of cells (organs) What is hyperplasia ? Increase in number of cells What is metaplasia ? The reversible replacement of one mature cell by another type of mature cell. (Epithelium changes in smokers) What is dysplasIa ? abnormal changes in the size, shape, and organization of mature cells (can lead to cancer) An enlarged left ventricle in hypertension is an example of what type of cellular adaptation ? Hypertropy A weakened muscle tissue is an example of what type of cellular adaptation ? Atropy An enlarged prostate is an example of what type of cellular adaptation ? Hyperplasia The squamous cells in a smoker's airway is an example of what type of cellular adaptation ? Metaplasia