Journalism 190: Week 2
3 Assumptions that May Limit Validity - ANS-1. Socialization of journalists involves rules,
work routines and orientations steeped in the dominant ideology
2. Journalists tend to cover topics and present news reports that are conservative and
supportive of the status quo
3. Journalists tend to present pro-American coverage and negative coverage of foreign
countries, especially the 3rd World nations.
3 Themes Pervasive in Media Content - ANS-1. Women and minorities are
underrepresented
2. Men and women are portrayed in stereotypical ways that reflect and sustain socially
endorsed views of gender
3. Depictions of relationships between men and women emphasize traditional roles and
normalize violence against women
3 Types of T.V. Violence and Aggressive Behavior - ANS-1. CATHARSIS - tendencies to
have violent behavior are purged after viewing violence in media
2. MODELING - violent behavior is increased after viewing violence in media
3. CATALYTIC - after they view violence in media, violent behavior is triggered in those
who have a tendency toward it
4 Civic Obligations of the Press - ANS-1. Newspapers should attempt to present public
affairs news accurately and correctly
2. Newspaper should be varied as to reflect the diversity of social outlooks, including
different points of view of various groups in the population
3. Newspapers should act as the fourth branch of government
4. Newspaper should contribute to national integration and identity
Agenda-setting Theory - ANS-A theory centered on the concept that media messages
lead people in a manner that tells them what to think about but not necessarily tell
people what to think
Cultivation Theory - ANS-A theory saying people are led slowly over a long period of
time by media to think and behave in a certain way (ex. consumer society)
Cultural Environment - ANS-The environment created by media...media shapes
people's values and behavior over time
3 Assumptions that May Limit Validity - ANS-1. Socialization of journalists involves rules,
work routines and orientations steeped in the dominant ideology
2. Journalists tend to cover topics and present news reports that are conservative and
supportive of the status quo
3. Journalists tend to present pro-American coverage and negative coverage of foreign
countries, especially the 3rd World nations.
3 Themes Pervasive in Media Content - ANS-1. Women and minorities are
underrepresented
2. Men and women are portrayed in stereotypical ways that reflect and sustain socially
endorsed views of gender
3. Depictions of relationships between men and women emphasize traditional roles and
normalize violence against women
3 Types of T.V. Violence and Aggressive Behavior - ANS-1. CATHARSIS - tendencies to
have violent behavior are purged after viewing violence in media
2. MODELING - violent behavior is increased after viewing violence in media
3. CATALYTIC - after they view violence in media, violent behavior is triggered in those
who have a tendency toward it
4 Civic Obligations of the Press - ANS-1. Newspapers should attempt to present public
affairs news accurately and correctly
2. Newspaper should be varied as to reflect the diversity of social outlooks, including
different points of view of various groups in the population
3. Newspapers should act as the fourth branch of government
4. Newspaper should contribute to national integration and identity
Agenda-setting Theory - ANS-A theory centered on the concept that media messages
lead people in a manner that tells them what to think about but not necessarily tell
people what to think
Cultivation Theory - ANS-A theory saying people are led slowly over a long period of
time by media to think and behave in a certain way (ex. consumer society)
Cultural Environment - ANS-The environment created by media...media shapes
people's values and behavior over time
