AC-HPAT Biology Exam Marking Scheme

AC-HPAT Biology Exam Marking Scheme Macromolecules - ANSWER- A very large organic molecule composed of many smaller molecules passive transport - ANSWER- the movement of substances across a cell membrane without the use of energy by the cell (diffusion) active transport - ANSWER- Energy-requiring process that moves material across a cell membrane against a concentration difference catalyst - ANSWER- substance that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction fluid mosaic model - ANSWER- model that describes the arrangement and movement of the molecules that make up a cell membrane Effect of qualitative factors on rate of diffusion of molecules across a plasma membrane? - ANSWER- The higher the temperature, the more kinetic energy the particles will have, so they will move and mix more quickly. Structure and function of carbohydrate - ANSWER- sugars and starches that the body uses for energy. Consists of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. Typically in a 1:2:1 ratio What are the tree main types of carbohydrates - ANSWER- 1. Monosaccharides - simple sugars ( ie glucose, 6 carbon, fructose and galactose) 2. Disaccharides which are double sugars ( ie sucrose, maltose, lactose) (consist of two monosaccharides bonded together through a dehydration synthesis reaction [ results in loss of water molecule] ) 3. Polysaccharides which are complex sugars ( many monosaccharides bonded together) ( starch, glycogen, and cellulose)