ANSC 333 Exam 2
How is sex determined genetically? - ANS-XX = female
XY =male
How is sex determined phenotypically? - ANS-vagina or penis
How is sex determined gonadically? - ANS-testes or ovaries
5 stages of sexual differentiation - ANS-Development of the indifferent gonad
Differentiation of the gonad
Differentiation of the internal genital organs
Differentiation of external genitalia
Development of secondary sex characteristics
When does development of the indifferent gonad take place? - ANS-early embryo
When does differentiation of the gonad take place? - ANS-late embryo
When does differentiation of the internal genital organs take place? - ANS-late embryo
to fetal
When does differentiation of the external genitalia take place? - ANS-fetal
When does development of secondary sex characteristics take place? - ANS-puberty
Mesonephros - ANS-acts as kidney in early embryo
Metanephros - ANS-functional kidney in adult
Mesonephric duct - ANS-Makes male tract
Paramesonephric duct - ANS-make female tract
Where do primordial germ cells originate? - ANS-in the yolk sac
Where do primordial germ cells migrate? - ANS-towards the gonadal ridge
What two things can primordial germ cells become? - ANS--spermatogonial stem cells
, -egg nests
Yolk sac - ANS-provides nutrients to embryo
Allantois - ANS-collects embryos waste
Who used rabbits to learn about differentiation of the gonad? - ANS-Jost
What was learned from Jost experiments? - ANS-Female tract is default
Differentiation of gonads male development - ANS--SRY gene contains testes
determining factor (TDF)
-Testes develop
-Sertoli cells secrete anti-mullerian hormone (AMH)
-This causes paramesonephric duct to regress
-AMH causes leydig cells to differentiate into testosterone
-Testosterone cause male tract to develop
-5a reductase converts testosterone to dihydrotestosterone
-dihydrotestosterone causes penis scrotum and accessory glands to develop
Undifferentiated sex chords becomes what? - ANS-testes or ovaries
What is another name for the mesonephric duct? - ANS-Wolffian duct
What does mesonephric tubules become in adult male? - ANS-epididymis
What does mesonephric duct become in adult male? - ANS-vas deferens
What do rete tubules become in adult male? - ANS-rete testes
Differentiation of gonads female development - ANS--No TDF from SRY gene
-ovaries develop as default
- no testosterone means mesonephric ducts regress
- no AMH means paramesonephric ducts become oviducts, uterus, cervix and anterior
vagina
Puberty - ANS-When an animal is able to reproduce, hypothalamus and GnRH centers
are developed
How is sex determined genetically? - ANS-XX = female
XY =male
How is sex determined phenotypically? - ANS-vagina or penis
How is sex determined gonadically? - ANS-testes or ovaries
5 stages of sexual differentiation - ANS-Development of the indifferent gonad
Differentiation of the gonad
Differentiation of the internal genital organs
Differentiation of external genitalia
Development of secondary sex characteristics
When does development of the indifferent gonad take place? - ANS-early embryo
When does differentiation of the gonad take place? - ANS-late embryo
When does differentiation of the internal genital organs take place? - ANS-late embryo
to fetal
When does differentiation of the external genitalia take place? - ANS-fetal
When does development of secondary sex characteristics take place? - ANS-puberty
Mesonephros - ANS-acts as kidney in early embryo
Metanephros - ANS-functional kidney in adult
Mesonephric duct - ANS-Makes male tract
Paramesonephric duct - ANS-make female tract
Where do primordial germ cells originate? - ANS-in the yolk sac
Where do primordial germ cells migrate? - ANS-towards the gonadal ridge
What two things can primordial germ cells become? - ANS--spermatogonial stem cells
, -egg nests
Yolk sac - ANS-provides nutrients to embryo
Allantois - ANS-collects embryos waste
Who used rabbits to learn about differentiation of the gonad? - ANS-Jost
What was learned from Jost experiments? - ANS-Female tract is default
Differentiation of gonads male development - ANS--SRY gene contains testes
determining factor (TDF)
-Testes develop
-Sertoli cells secrete anti-mullerian hormone (AMH)
-This causes paramesonephric duct to regress
-AMH causes leydig cells to differentiate into testosterone
-Testosterone cause male tract to develop
-5a reductase converts testosterone to dihydrotestosterone
-dihydrotestosterone causes penis scrotum and accessory glands to develop
Undifferentiated sex chords becomes what? - ANS-testes or ovaries
What is another name for the mesonephric duct? - ANS-Wolffian duct
What does mesonephric tubules become in adult male? - ANS-epididymis
What does mesonephric duct become in adult male? - ANS-vas deferens
What do rete tubules become in adult male? - ANS-rete testes
Differentiation of gonads female development - ANS--No TDF from SRY gene
-ovaries develop as default
- no testosterone means mesonephric ducts regress
- no AMH means paramesonephric ducts become oviducts, uterus, cervix and anterior
vagina
Puberty - ANS-When an animal is able to reproduce, hypothalamus and GnRH centers
are developed
