ALMS - Anatomy and Physiology: All Modules

ALMS - Anatomy and Physiology: All Modules _____ are stored in adipose cells as potential chemical energy reserves. - Triglycerides _____ are the main regulators of basal metabolic rate. - Thyroid hormones _____ arteries are the only arteries in the body that carry deoxygenated blood. - Pulmonary _____ arteries, which branch directly from the aorta, deliver oxygenated blood to the lungs. - Pulmonary (wrong) _____ fluid is located inside cells. - Intracellular _____ is the inhalation and exhalation of air. - Pulmonary ventilation _____ is the inhalation and exhalation of air. - Pulmonary ventilation _____ nerves provide sympathetic innervations to body wall structures such as the smooth muscle of vasculature and skin. - Sympathetic (wrong) A _____ is a break in a bone. - Fracture A fibrocartilaginous callus takes about how long to develop? - Three weeks A lever acts on two different types of forces. Which statement accurately characterizes the actions of these two forces? - The effort causes movement and the load opposes movement A patient with which of the following diseases may exhibit exophthalmos? - Graves disease A receptor potential from a tastant contacting a gustatory hair in the gustatory pathway stimulates what type of response in the gustatory receptor cell? - Endocytosis (wrong) A T cell is activated only if it binds to a foreign antigen and receives a second signal. What is this process called? - Costimulation A vascular and cellular response that helps eliminate microbes, foreign material, and dying tissue in preparation for repair is called what? - Inflammation Acetylcholine is a _____ that stimulates skeletal muscle to contract. - Neurotransmitter After the reaction is completed and the reaction products move away from the enzyme, what happens to the enzyme? - The unchanged enzyme is free to attach to other substrate molecules Air moves into the lungs when alveolar pressure is _____ atmospheric pressure, and out of the lungs when alveolar pressure is - Less than, greater than Alpha cells found in the pancreatic islets secrete which of the following hormones? - Glucagon Among the types of phagocytic white blood cells are monocytes and _____. - Neutrophils An acute viral infection may cause what kind of white blood cell reaction? - An increase in the number of large lymphocytes An aspirated object is more likely to enter and lodge in the _____. - Right primary bronchus An increase in nerve impulses from the sympathetic division has what effect on heart rate? - It increases it An oval central portion of the bony labyrinth is called the _____. - Vestibule Antimicrobial substances and phagocytes are part of what types of immunity? - Innate As its inferior end, the laryngopharynx opens into the _____ and posteriorly and the _____ anteriorly. - Esophagus, larynx As muscles contract, they pull on the bones they are attached to, resulting in _____. - Movement As part of the auditory apparatus, the flap of elastic cartilage shaped like the flared end of a trumpet that helps to collect sound waves is the _____. - Auricle As the amount of cartilage in the bronchial tree _____, the amount of smooth muscle _____, helping to maintain patency. - Decreases, increases At any given time, most T cells are inactive, but the cells have antigen receptors on their surface that recognize and bind to specific foreign antigen fragments. What are these called? - T-cell receptors At intervals along the _____, lymph flows through lymph nodes, which are encapsulated, bean-shaped organs consisting of masses of B cells and T cells. - Lymphatic vessels At its inferior end, the laryngopharynx opens into the _____ posteriorly and the _____ anteriorly. - Esophagus, larynx At its inferior end, the laryngopharynx opens into the ___________ posteriorly and the ___________ anteriorly. - larynx, esophagus (wrong) At the cellular level, which of the terms describes an attribute of development from a single cell to a functioning organism? - Highly variable (wrong) Atmospheric pressure is _____ alveolar pressure during inhalation. - Greater than Axonal projection tracts pertain to what component of the cerebrum? - White matter Basal surfaces of epithelium adhere to what other structures as