Pharmacology Exam I (Chapters 1-9) Questions and Answers with complete solutions

Pharmacology Exam I (Chapters 1-9) Questions and Answers with complete solutions The nursing instructor teaches the student nurses about the pharmacological classification of drugs. The instructor evaluates that learning has occurred when the student makes which response? a. "An anticoagulant influences blood clotting." b. "An anti-anginal treats angina." c. "An antihypertensive lowers blood pressure." d. "A calcium channel blocker blocks heart calcium channels." - ANS- "A calcium channel blocker blocks heart calcium channels." The older adult client has gastrointestinal bleeding. The client says to the nurse, "I don't understand this. All I did was take ibuprofen (Advil) for my arthritis." Which plan would be best as it relates to the nurse's education of this client? a. A plan to teach the advantages and disadvantages of ibuprofen (Advil). b. A plan to teach the client to obtain physician approval prior to the use of over-the-counter (OTC) medications. c. A plan to teach the client to substitute safer drugs like acetaminophen (Tylenol). d. A plan to teach the client to use drugs that bypass the gastrointestinal system, like topical drugs. - ANS- A plan to teach the advantages and disadvantages of ibuprofen (Advil). Which type of classification system is being used when drugs are grouped together because they help treat a particular disease or condition? a. Mechanism of action b. Chemical c. Pharmacological d. Therapeutic - ANS- Therapeutic An overwhelmed nursing student asks the instructor whether there are any tips that will make learning pharmacology easier. The instructor gives examples of the anticoagulant heparin. The instructor indicates that knowing heparin and comparing other drugs to it will facilitate learning the many anticoagulants. Which approach is the instructor using? a. Generic name approach b. Mechanism of action approach c. Prototype drug approach d. Trade name approach - ANS- Prototype drug approach A prototype drug is a single drug in a class and can be compared with all other medications in this class. The benefit of studying the prototype drug is that the nurse would be able to predict characteristics of other drugs in the same class, including a. their therapeutic indications, actions, and adverse effects b. which drugs have the most favorable safety profile c. duration of action of drugs in the group d. synergistic effects of adding additional types of medications - ANS- their therapeutic indications, actions, and adverse effects What percentage of Americans take at least one prescription drug per year? a. 75% b. 25% c. 50% d. 10% - ANS- 50% The nurse provides medication education to a client with terminal cancer. The physician has ordered morphine (MS Contin), a Schedule II drug, for the client. The nurse determines that learning has occurred when the client makes which statement? a. "This drug is addictive so I should only take it when my pin becomes severe." b. "I need to call the office for a refill before my medication runs out." c. "I need to see my doctor before my prescription runs out so I can get a refill." d. "Maybe my doctor could change me to a Schedule IV drug." - ANS- "I need to see my doctor before my prescription runs out so I can get a refill." A drug is withdrawn from a client who has been taking it routinely for many years. The client has developed muscle tremors. How would the nurse characterize this event? a. As an assessment finding associated with physical dependence on a drug. b. As an adverse effect c. As an expected therapeutic effect of no longer taking this drug. d. As evidence that the client had psychological dependence on the drug. - ANS- As an assessment finding associated with physical dependence on a drug. A nurse is administering a medication to a group of volunteers and is assessing for the development of adverse effects. The nurse is working in which phase of the development of this drug? a. Clinical Phase III b. Clinical Phase II c. Clinical Phase I d. Pre-Clinical Investigation - ANS- Clinical Phase I The physician has ordered several medications for the patient. What does the nurse recognize as responsibilities regarding administration of medications? SATA a. Knowing the name of the medication b. Knowing whether or not the medication is on the hospital formulary c. Knowing how the medication is supplied by the pharmacy d. Knowing the reason the medication was prescribed for this patient e. Knowing how the medication is to be administered - ANS- a. Knowing the name of the medication c. Knowing how the medication is supplied by the pharmacy d. Knowing the reason the medication was prescribed for this patient e. Knowing how the medication is to be administered The nurse is preparing medications prior to administration. To promote patient safety, the nurse uses "rights" of drug administration. What do these "rights" include? a. The right dose b. The right medication c. The right nurse d. The right time of delivery e. The right route of administration - ANS- a. The right dose b. The right medication d. The right time of delivery e. The right route of administration The patient is having chest pain. The physician orders SL nitroglycerin STAT. The nurse obtains the medication from the pharmacy and administers it to the patient 30 minutes later. Which statement best describes the nurse's action? a. The medication should have been administered immediately b. The nursing action was correct because the medication was not on the unit. c. The medication should have been administered withing a 5-minute time frame. d. The physician should have specified the time frame for this medication. - ANS- The medication should have been administered within a 5-minute time frame. The nurse uses the nursing process prior to administering any medications. Which step will ensure the best patient safety? a. Assess the patient's developmental level