Vraagstukken internationale betrekkingen
INHOUD
LES 1. INLEIDING EN KERNCONCEPTEN ...............................................................................................5
Inleiding: Kernconcepten ..................................................................................................................5
Centrale vragen binnen het vak .........................................................................................................6
Les 2. THEORETISCHE KADERS ALS LENS .............................................................................................7
Drie grote paradigma’s......................................................................................................................8
REALISME ....................................................................................................................................9
LIBERALISME ...............................................................................................................................9
CONSTRUCTIVISME .....................................................................................................................9
Stages of norms ............................................................................................................................. 10
Donut-economie............................................................................................................................ 11
LES 3: THEORIEËN - DEKOLONIALE BRIL ............................................................................................. 12
Dekolonisatie definiëren ............................................................................................................. 12
Dekoloniseren voor beginners ..................................................................................................... 12
Een dekoloniale lens toepassen .................................................................................................. 12
Take-aways ................................................................................................................................ 13
Les 4: POVERTY REDUCTION AND THE 2030 sustainable DEVELOPMENT AGENDA................................ 14
Poverty: What is it? ......................................................................................................................... 14
Initial exercise: Defining Poverty .................................................................................................. 14
How is it measured and why should we care? ............................................................................... 16
6 key interlocking dimensions found in the study of poor’s people definition of poverty ................... 18
Poverty is dynamic, historically determined & specific to place, context & social group .................. 18
Why should we care? .................................................................................................................. 18
The good intentions: International response to global poverty ........................................................... 19
From the MDGS to the SDGS ....................................................................................................... 19
The (bad?) outcomes: Where are we and what’s yet to be accomplished ........................................... 20
What we have learned .................................................................................................................... 21
LES 5. ENABLE BELGISCH ONTWIKKELINGSAGENTSCHAP .................................................................. 22
Monitoring, evaluation, learning officer............................................................................................ 22
Belgische ontwikkelingssamenwerking ............................................................................................ 22
Belgische ontwikkelingssamenwerking en humanitaire hulp ......................................................... 22
Waarom gouvernementele samenwerking?.................................................................................. 23
Enabel – Achtergrond ..................................................................................................................... 24
Bilaterale samenwerking door Enabel .......................................................................................... 24
Enabel – wettelijk kader .............................................................................................................. 24
Enable in cijfers .......................................................................................................................... 24
, Partnerlanden van Enabel ........................................................................................................... 25
Personeel (uitsplitsing) ............................................................................................................... 25
Enabel – Basisprincipes.................................................................................................................. 25
Partnerschappen gebaseerd op transparante dialoog en effectieve betrokkenheid ......................... 26
Flexibele oplossingen op maat .................................................................................................... 26
Aanwezigheid op het terrein, op strategisch en operationeel niveau ............................................... 26
Samenwerkingen faciliteren ........................................................................................................ 26
Enabel – Mondiale uitdagingen........................................................................................................ 27
1. Vrede & veiligheid .............................................................................................................. 27
2. Klimaat & milieu ................................................................................................................ 27
3. Sociale & economische ongelijkheid .................................................................................. 27
4. Menselijke mobiliteit ......................................................................................................... 28
5. Verstedelijking .................................................................................................................. 28
6. Maatschappelijke verantwoordelijkheid/Wereldburgerschap ............................................... 28
Enable – uitdagingen ...................................................................................................................... 29
Fragiele context vraagt om flexibiliteit .......................................................................................... 29
Dekoloniseren van ontwikkelingssamenwerking is noodzakelijk .................................................... 29
Enabel – Partnerschappen .............................................................................................................. 30
Voor impact, duurzaamheid en win win........................................................................................ 30
Wie zijn de partners? .................................................................................................................. 31
Europese en internationale partnerschappen............................................................................... 31
Expertise: Partners en netwerken ................................................................................................ 31
Les 6. Ageing Policies in the EU ........................................................................................................... 33
Who we are? .................................................................................................................................. 33
Missie ........................................................................................................................................ 33
The EU policy landscape................................................................................................................. 34
Legal basis .................................................................................................................................... 34
Vertaling naar EU wet.................................................................................................................. 35
Uitdagingen ................................................................................................................................... 35
Narrow focus ............................................................................................................................. 35
Lifecycle approach ..................................................................................................................... 35
Defining Ageism ............................................................................................................................. 36
Les 7: Bezoek Afrika Museum + Recap ................................................................................................. 38
Les 8: Sociaal werk in een transnationale migratierealiteit .................................................................... 39
De territoriale & sociale premissen van de naoorlogse welvaartstaat ................................................. 39
Compromis arbeid en kapitaal .................................................................................................... 39
Productiviteit ............................................................................................................................. 39
Territorialiteit en nationaliteit ...................................................................................................... 39
, Burgerschap .............................................................................................................................. 40
Sociaal werk in een transnationale migratierealiteit (vijf keer anders)................................................. 40
Migratie en superdiversiteit hebben impact op verschillende gebieden .......................................... 40
1) Van beneden naar boven ................................................................................................... 40
2) Hiërarchie van rechtenverstrekking: Differentiële inclusie en sociaal beleid als migratiebeheer
41
3) Citizens of denizens? ......................................................................................................... 41
4) Integratie als praktijk ......................................................................................................... 41
5) Gezinsverbanden in migratie: Gezinsverbanden en –verhoudingen veranderen...................... 42
Een concrete utopie voor sociaal werk & het overton-venster ........................................................ 42
De vijf P’s van sociaal werk in tijden van migratie: ............................................................................. 42
Post-nationaal denken en handelen (transnationaal sociaal werk) ................................................. 42
Papieren (vreemdelingenrecht en taalwetgeving) .......................................................................... 43
Praktijken en projecten (opvang en divers-sensitief denken) .......................................................... 44
Pedagogiek (transnationaal ouderschap) ..................................................................................... 45
Politiek (differentiële inclusie tegengaan) ..................................................................................... 45
Sociaal werker als bricoleur: Welfare bricolage. ............................................................................... 46
Les 9: Internationaal Humanitair Recht (Rode kruis) ............................................................................. 47
Mandaat, historiek en structuur ...................................................................................................... 47
Context ..................................................................................................................................... 47
Drievoudige missie ..................................................................................................................... 47
Mandaat .................................................................................................................................... 47
Coördinatie binnen de RK/RHV-Beweging ........................................................................................ 48
Doelstellingen ............................................................................................................................ 48
Seville Agreement 2.0 ................................................................................................................. 49
Emblemen ..................................................................................................................................... 50
Beschermd & indicatief gebruik ................................................................................................... 50
Imitatie, misbruik & perfidie ........................................................................................................ 50
Basis internationaal humanitair recht (IHR)...................................................................................... 50
Wat is IHR? ................................................................................................................................ 50
Toepassingsgebied van IHR ......................................................................................................... 51
Basisbeginselen van IHR............................................................................................................. 54
Naleving van IHR ........................................................................................................................ 56
Hedendaagse uitdagingen .......................................................................................................... 57
Les 10 – Sterk(e) stemmen (Vluchtelingenwerk Vlaanderen) ................................................................. 58
Introductie ..................................................................................................................................... 58
6 brillen om naar migratie te kijken .................................................................................................. 58
1) Controle-frame ................................................................................................................. 58
2) Vijandige indringer-frame ................................................................................................... 58
, 3) Allemaal mensen-frame .................................................................................................... 59
4) Win-win-frame .................................................................................................................. 59
5) Kosten-baten-frame .......................................................................................................... 59
6) Panta Rei-frame ................................................................................................................ 59
Invloed van frames op het beleid: EU migratiepact ........................................................................... 60
Ontmenselijking van mensen op de vlucht in de teksten ............................................................... 60
Wat is het gevolg van het EU migratiepact? .................................................................................. 60
Conclusie ...................................................................................................................................... 60
Les 11: What have we learned? ........................................................................................................... 61
Kernconcepten .............................................................................................................................. 61
“De invloed van EU op ons sociaal beleid is enorm” ......................................................................... 61
Sociaal beleid is een aangelegenheid van individuele lidstaten ..................................................... 61
Meer sociale visie ....................................................................................................................... 61
Hoe heeft dit nu invloed op ons sociaal beleid? ............................................................................ 62
Het schriftelijk examen ................................................................................................................... 62
Voorbeeldvragen ........................................................................................................................ 63
INHOUD
LES 1. INLEIDING EN KERNCONCEPTEN ...............................................................................................5
Inleiding: Kernconcepten ..................................................................................................................5
Centrale vragen binnen het vak .........................................................................................................6
Les 2. THEORETISCHE KADERS ALS LENS .............................................................................................7
Drie grote paradigma’s......................................................................................................................8
REALISME ....................................................................................................................................9
LIBERALISME ...............................................................................................................................9
CONSTRUCTIVISME .....................................................................................................................9
Stages of norms ............................................................................................................................. 10
Donut-economie............................................................................................................................ 11
LES 3: THEORIEËN - DEKOLONIALE BRIL ............................................................................................. 12
Dekolonisatie definiëren ............................................................................................................. 12
Dekoloniseren voor beginners ..................................................................................................... 12
Een dekoloniale lens toepassen .................................................................................................. 12
Take-aways ................................................................................................................................ 13
Les 4: POVERTY REDUCTION AND THE 2030 sustainable DEVELOPMENT AGENDA................................ 14
Poverty: What is it? ......................................................................................................................... 14
Initial exercise: Defining Poverty .................................................................................................. 14
How is it measured and why should we care? ............................................................................... 16
6 key interlocking dimensions found in the study of poor’s people definition of poverty ................... 18
Poverty is dynamic, historically determined & specific to place, context & social group .................. 18
Why should we care? .................................................................................................................. 18
The good intentions: International response to global poverty ........................................................... 19
From the MDGS to the SDGS ....................................................................................................... 19
The (bad?) outcomes: Where are we and what’s yet to be accomplished ........................................... 20
What we have learned .................................................................................................................... 21
LES 5. ENABLE BELGISCH ONTWIKKELINGSAGENTSCHAP .................................................................. 22
Monitoring, evaluation, learning officer............................................................................................ 22
Belgische ontwikkelingssamenwerking ............................................................................................ 22
Belgische ontwikkelingssamenwerking en humanitaire hulp ......................................................... 22
Waarom gouvernementele samenwerking?.................................................................................. 23
Enabel – Achtergrond ..................................................................................................................... 24
Bilaterale samenwerking door Enabel .......................................................................................... 24
Enabel – wettelijk kader .............................................................................................................. 24
Enable in cijfers .......................................................................................................................... 24
, Partnerlanden van Enabel ........................................................................................................... 25
Personeel (uitsplitsing) ............................................................................................................... 25
Enabel – Basisprincipes.................................................................................................................. 25
Partnerschappen gebaseerd op transparante dialoog en effectieve betrokkenheid ......................... 26
Flexibele oplossingen op maat .................................................................................................... 26
Aanwezigheid op het terrein, op strategisch en operationeel niveau ............................................... 26
Samenwerkingen faciliteren ........................................................................................................ 26
Enabel – Mondiale uitdagingen........................................................................................................ 27
1. Vrede & veiligheid .............................................................................................................. 27
2. Klimaat & milieu ................................................................................................................ 27
3. Sociale & economische ongelijkheid .................................................................................. 27
4. Menselijke mobiliteit ......................................................................................................... 28
5. Verstedelijking .................................................................................................................. 28
6. Maatschappelijke verantwoordelijkheid/Wereldburgerschap ............................................... 28
Enable – uitdagingen ...................................................................................................................... 29
Fragiele context vraagt om flexibiliteit .......................................................................................... 29
Dekoloniseren van ontwikkelingssamenwerking is noodzakelijk .................................................... 29
Enabel – Partnerschappen .............................................................................................................. 30
Voor impact, duurzaamheid en win win........................................................................................ 30
Wie zijn de partners? .................................................................................................................. 31
Europese en internationale partnerschappen............................................................................... 31
Expertise: Partners en netwerken ................................................................................................ 31
Les 6. Ageing Policies in the EU ........................................................................................................... 33
Who we are? .................................................................................................................................. 33
Missie ........................................................................................................................................ 33
The EU policy landscape................................................................................................................. 34
Legal basis .................................................................................................................................... 34
Vertaling naar EU wet.................................................................................................................. 35
Uitdagingen ................................................................................................................................... 35
Narrow focus ............................................................................................................................. 35
Lifecycle approach ..................................................................................................................... 35
Defining Ageism ............................................................................................................................. 36
Les 7: Bezoek Afrika Museum + Recap ................................................................................................. 38
Les 8: Sociaal werk in een transnationale migratierealiteit .................................................................... 39
De territoriale & sociale premissen van de naoorlogse welvaartstaat ................................................. 39
Compromis arbeid en kapitaal .................................................................................................... 39
Productiviteit ............................................................................................................................. 39
Territorialiteit en nationaliteit ...................................................................................................... 39
, Burgerschap .............................................................................................................................. 40
Sociaal werk in een transnationale migratierealiteit (vijf keer anders)................................................. 40
Migratie en superdiversiteit hebben impact op verschillende gebieden .......................................... 40
1) Van beneden naar boven ................................................................................................... 40
2) Hiërarchie van rechtenverstrekking: Differentiële inclusie en sociaal beleid als migratiebeheer
41
3) Citizens of denizens? ......................................................................................................... 41
4) Integratie als praktijk ......................................................................................................... 41
5) Gezinsverbanden in migratie: Gezinsverbanden en –verhoudingen veranderen...................... 42
Een concrete utopie voor sociaal werk & het overton-venster ........................................................ 42
De vijf P’s van sociaal werk in tijden van migratie: ............................................................................. 42
Post-nationaal denken en handelen (transnationaal sociaal werk) ................................................. 42
Papieren (vreemdelingenrecht en taalwetgeving) .......................................................................... 43
Praktijken en projecten (opvang en divers-sensitief denken) .......................................................... 44
Pedagogiek (transnationaal ouderschap) ..................................................................................... 45
Politiek (differentiële inclusie tegengaan) ..................................................................................... 45
Sociaal werker als bricoleur: Welfare bricolage. ............................................................................... 46
Les 9: Internationaal Humanitair Recht (Rode kruis) ............................................................................. 47
Mandaat, historiek en structuur ...................................................................................................... 47
Context ..................................................................................................................................... 47
Drievoudige missie ..................................................................................................................... 47
Mandaat .................................................................................................................................... 47
Coördinatie binnen de RK/RHV-Beweging ........................................................................................ 48
Doelstellingen ............................................................................................................................ 48
Seville Agreement 2.0 ................................................................................................................. 49
Emblemen ..................................................................................................................................... 50
Beschermd & indicatief gebruik ................................................................................................... 50
Imitatie, misbruik & perfidie ........................................................................................................ 50
Basis internationaal humanitair recht (IHR)...................................................................................... 50
Wat is IHR? ................................................................................................................................ 50
Toepassingsgebied van IHR ......................................................................................................... 51
Basisbeginselen van IHR............................................................................................................. 54
Naleving van IHR ........................................................................................................................ 56
Hedendaagse uitdagingen .......................................................................................................... 57
Les 10 – Sterk(e) stemmen (Vluchtelingenwerk Vlaanderen) ................................................................. 58
Introductie ..................................................................................................................................... 58
6 brillen om naar migratie te kijken .................................................................................................. 58
1) Controle-frame ................................................................................................................. 58
2) Vijandige indringer-frame ................................................................................................... 58
, 3) Allemaal mensen-frame .................................................................................................... 59
4) Win-win-frame .................................................................................................................. 59
5) Kosten-baten-frame .......................................................................................................... 59
6) Panta Rei-frame ................................................................................................................ 59
Invloed van frames op het beleid: EU migratiepact ........................................................................... 60
Ontmenselijking van mensen op de vlucht in de teksten ............................................................... 60
Wat is het gevolg van het EU migratiepact? .................................................................................. 60
Conclusie ...................................................................................................................................... 60
Les 11: What have we learned? ........................................................................................................... 61
Kernconcepten .............................................................................................................................. 61
“De invloed van EU op ons sociaal beleid is enorm” ......................................................................... 61
Sociaal beleid is een aangelegenheid van individuele lidstaten ..................................................... 61
Meer sociale visie ....................................................................................................................... 61
Hoe heeft dit nu invloed op ons sociaal beleid? ............................................................................ 62
Het schriftelijk examen ................................................................................................................... 62
Voorbeeldvragen ........................................................................................................................ 63
