Local Anesthetic CDCA Exam: PART
ONE
What happens during depolarization? - Sodium in, Potassium out
Primary action of local anesthetic in producing a conduction block? -
*DECREASE* sodium's ability to permeate
LA *decreases* the rate of depolarization and *increases* the firing threshold
True or False? - True
LA blocks the sensation of pain by? - Blocking nerve conduction to a
circumscribed area of the body
Why does anesthesia fail to work near an abscessed tooth? - Infection lowers the
pH of the tissue, which does not allow ionization of sodium molecules. Blood
diffuseses the anesthetic away from the injection site
(inflammation = higher blood flow)
Which LA is metabolized by pseudocholinesterase? - Esters:
-Procaine (Novacain)
-Benzocaine
Which anesthetic is not an amide? - Procaine (Novocaine)
, Most common anesthetic without epi? - Mepivacaine (Carbocaine/ Polocaine)
first sign of LA toxicity? - CNS excitement
Where is epi naturally found in the body? - Adrenal medulla on kidneys/ Endocrine
system
Beta blockers decrease BP by lowering the heart rate and stroke volume
True or False? - True
Non- selective beta blockers increase *what* in the presence of LA with epi
This does NOT allow epi to vasoconstrict (maintains vasodilation) - BP
What are the 4 actions of vasoconstrictors? - (1) Increase duration of LA
(2) Decrease bleeding
(3) Decrease toxicity (slows absorption)
(4) Decrease blood flow to reduce amount of LA needed
What is the significance of giving an amide to a patient with cirrhosis? - Amides
are metabolized in the liver.
ASA IV relative contraindication- Half life is prolonged
ONE
What happens during depolarization? - Sodium in, Potassium out
Primary action of local anesthetic in producing a conduction block? -
*DECREASE* sodium's ability to permeate
LA *decreases* the rate of depolarization and *increases* the firing threshold
True or False? - True
LA blocks the sensation of pain by? - Blocking nerve conduction to a
circumscribed area of the body
Why does anesthesia fail to work near an abscessed tooth? - Infection lowers the
pH of the tissue, which does not allow ionization of sodium molecules. Blood
diffuseses the anesthetic away from the injection site
(inflammation = higher blood flow)
Which LA is metabolized by pseudocholinesterase? - Esters:
-Procaine (Novacain)
-Benzocaine
Which anesthetic is not an amide? - Procaine (Novocaine)
, Most common anesthetic without epi? - Mepivacaine (Carbocaine/ Polocaine)
first sign of LA toxicity? - CNS excitement
Where is epi naturally found in the body? - Adrenal medulla on kidneys/ Endocrine
system
Beta blockers decrease BP by lowering the heart rate and stroke volume
True or False? - True
Non- selective beta blockers increase *what* in the presence of LA with epi
This does NOT allow epi to vasoconstrict (maintains vasodilation) - BP
What are the 4 actions of vasoconstrictors? - (1) Increase duration of LA
(2) Decrease bleeding
(3) Decrease toxicity (slows absorption)
(4) Decrease blood flow to reduce amount of LA needed
What is the significance of giving an amide to a patient with cirrhosis? - Amides
are metabolized in the liver.
ASA IV relative contraindication- Half life is prolonged
