Scrn Exam With 100% Correct Answers

Posterior Cerebral Artery (PCA) - correct answersArises from basilar. Supplies Occipital Lobe , Midbrain, Thalamus, Pineal Gland, Choroid Plexus, and Corpus Callosum Symptoms of PCA Stroke - correct answers-Contralateral Visual Field Homonymous hemianopia -Visual Agnosia (unable to interpret/recognize visual information) - Weber's Syndrome (3rd nerve palsy + contralateral hemiplegia) -Parinaud's Syndrome (Impaired upwards gaze, convergence-retraction nystagmus, primary conjugate downward gaze) Anterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery (AICA) - correct answersFeeds anterior inferior parts of the cerebellum Symptoms of AICA Stroke - correct answersLateral Pontine Syndrome: vertigo, vomiting, nystagmus, falling towards the side of the lesion, ipsilateral loss of sensation to the face, ipsilateral facial paralysis, ipsilateral hearing loss Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery (PICA) - correct answersFeeds cerebellum, superior section of the medulla,. Choroid plexus and fourth ventricle Symptoms of PICA Stroke - correct answersWallenburg Syndrome (lateral Medullary Syndrome): Loss of pain and temperature sensation in the contralateral trunk and ipsilateral face Basilar Artery - correct answersAn artery, formed by the fusion of the vertebral arteries, that supplies blood to the brainstem (medulla and pons) and to the posterior cerebral arteries. Symptoms of Basilar Artery Stoke - correct answersComa, quadriparesis, ataxia, dysarthria, CN dysfunction and visual deficits, Locked in Syndrome, Intranuclear Opthalmoplegia, gaze paresis, Millard Gulber Syndrome CN VI VII damage (diplopia facial weakness, loss of corneal reflex), Nausea, vomiting, diplopia, gaze palsy, dysarthria,. vertigo, tinnitus, hemiparesis, and quadriplegia. Anterior Cerebral Artery (ACA) - correct answersFeeds the media portion of the frontal and parietal lobes as well as the corpus callosum Symptoms of ACA Stroke - correct answersContralateral motor/sensory deficits impacting legs arms Middle Cerebral Artery (MCA) - correct answersFeeds majority of the frontal, parietal, and temporal lobes, basal ganglia, internal capsule. It is divided M1 - M4 Symptoms of MCA Stroke - correct answers-Aphasia if dominant hemisphere -Neglect if non-dominant hemisphere -Contralateral motor/sensory loss of face/arm/leg with Arms Legs -Anosognosia: neglect or lack of self awareness Venous Vascular Anatomy - correct answersVenous channels enter into venous sinuses located in the Dura matter. Superior Sagittal Sinus - correct answersTravels posteriorly between the cerebral hemispheres towards the occiput Straight Sinus - correct answersTravels along the tentorium, draining blood from the superior cerebellar veins. Transverse Sinus - correct answersTravels along the base of the occiput laterally and forwardly Sigmoid Sinus - correct answersBegins beneath the temporal bone and travels to the jugular foramen where it becomes the internal jugular veins Stroke Pathophysiology - correct answersArterial blood flow to the brain tissue fails to meet metabolic demands resulting in cell damage or death. ISCHEMIA FIRST THEN INFARCT. Penumbra - correct answersZone surrounding the core infarct, damaged by ischemia but not yet infarcted ---- functionally silent yet metabolically active Hypoxia leading to Necrotic Pathway - correct answersCell energy failure Hypoxia leading to Apoptotic Pathway - correct answersProgrammed cell death in the penumbral zone ICH Stroke Pathophysiology - correct answersOccurs when a cerebral blood vessel opens abnormally and spills blood into brain tissue. Classification of ICH Brain Injury - correct answersPrimary Brain Injury: Direct result of the hematoma Secondary Brain Injury: Hours or days after ICH, mass effect causes mechanical disruption and damage to cell membranes SAH Stroke Pathophysiology - correct answersAneurysm from s in the cerebral vasculature and ruptures, resulting in blood spilling in the subarachnoid space Saccular Aneurysm - correct answersnarrow neck, widened dome -- Most Common Fusiform Aneurysm - correct answersOutpouching of the vessel without a distinct neck --- Less common Early Brain Injury - correct answersHours and first several days after aneurysm rupture cerebral edema forms, injury results from decreased cerebral blood flow Cerebral Vasospasm (Delayed Cerebral Injury) - correct answersLarge Vessel Spasm generally begins on day 4 continues up to 21 days Brain Requirements - correct answers20% of the body's Oxygen 15% of the body's Cardiac Output Cerebral Blood Flow - correct answersNormal: 50 - 55 mL/100g/min Oligemia: 30 - 40 mL/100g/min Moderate Ischemia (the penumbra): 20 - 30 mL/100 g/min Severe ischemia and Cell Death: 0 - 10 mL/100 g/min La