General Psychology 2301 Exam 1 questions and answers all are correct 2024 graded A+

Define Psychology - The scientific study of behavior and mental processes. Functionalism - Studies the way the mind functions. Psychoanalysis - An approach to understanding behavior and mental processes developed by Freud, which focuses on unconscious processes and unresolved conflicts. (Freud) Behavioral Perspective - An approach to understanding behavior and mental processes that emphasizes objective, observable environmental influences on overt behavior. (Watson and Skinner) Behaviorism - Scientific study of observable behavior. Humanistic - Focuses on current environment, how it affects individual, and whether basic needs of love and acceptance were being met. Humanistic - An approach to understanding behavior and mental processes that perceives human nature as naturally positive and growth seeking; it emphasizes free will and self-actualization. (Maslow and Rogers) Cognitive Psychology - Used technological advances to study psychology's original focus of internal/cognitive processes. Brain activity vs mental. Thinking, perceiving, problem solving, memory, language, and information processing. Biopsychosocial Model - An integrative, unifying theme of modern psychology that sees biological, psychological, and social processes as interacting influences. Naturalistic observation - The process of observing and recording a research participant's behavior and mental processes in his or her natural setting, without interfering. They do not know they are being tested.Survey - A research technique that questions a large sample of people to assess their behaviors and mental processes. Created to gather information (phone, paper or interviews) Case Study - An in-depth study of a single research participant or a small group of individuals. Can provide information about disorders or disease. correlation research - Research that measures the degree of relationship (if any) between two or more variables in order to determine how well one variable predicts another. Experiment - A carefully controlled scientific procedure that involves the manipulation of variables to determine cause and effect. Independent Variable (IV) - The variable that is manipulated to determine its causal effect on the dependent variable; also called the treatment variable. Dependent Variable (DV) - The variable that is observed and measured for change; the factor that is affected by (or dependent on) the independent variable. Bias - Sample - research participants do not represent larger population. Experimenter - researcher influences results. Participant - experimental conditions influence participant's behavior. Social desirability - Deliberate attempt to mislead researcher. Example: reporting on how much you drink .Participant may under-report to whatever is socially acceptable. Double Blind - An experimental technique in which both the researcher and the participants are unaware of (blind to) who is in the experimental or control groups. Confidentiality - Information is kept private and not published. Informed consent - A participant's agreement to take part in a study after being told what to expect.Debriefing - A discussion procedure conducted at the end of an experiment or study; participants are informed of the study's design and purpose, possible misconceptions are clarified, questions answered, and explanations are provided for any possible deception. Deception - Deceiving participant so that participants respond naturally. Introspection - Study of mental life Behavioral Genetics - The study of the relative effects of heredity and the environment on behavior and mental processes. Genes - A segment of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) that occupies a specific place on a particular chromosome and carries the code for hereditary transmission. DNA - Deoxyribonucleic Acid) are complex molecules containing genetic information used in development. Neuron - nerve cell; basic building block of the nervous system; responsible for receiving, processing, and transmitting electrochemical information. Dendrites - receivers Heritability - A statistical formula that provides a percentage of variation in a population attributable to genetic factors rather than to differences in the environment.