AP European History Exam Review Questions with Correct Answers 100% Pass

Benvenuto Cellini - ANSWER-Goldsmith & sculptor who wrote an autobiography, famous for its arrogance and immodest self-praise. Condottiere - ANSWER-Mercenary soldier of a political ruler. Humanism - ANSWER-Recovery and study of classical authors & writings. Individualism - ANSWER-Emphasis on the unique & creative personally (personality?). New Monarchs - ANSWER-Term applied to Louis XI of France, Henry VII of England, and Ferdinand & Isabella of Spain, who strengthened their monarchical authority often by Machiavellian means. Rationalism - ANSWER-Application and use of reason in understanding and explaining events. Renaissance - ANSWER-The period from 1400 to 1600 that witnessed a transformation of cultural and intellectual values from primarily Christian to classical or secular ones. Secularism - ANSWER-Emphasis on the here and now rather than on the spiritual and otherworldly. Lorenzo Valla - ANSWER-() Humanist who used historical criticism to discredit an eighth-century document giving the papacy jurisdiction over Western lands. Virtu - ANSWER-Striving for personal excellence. Baroque - ANSWER-The sensuous and dynamic style of art of the Counter Reformation. Brethren of the Common Life - ANSWER-Pious laypeople in sixteenth-century Holland who initiated a religious revival in their model of Christian living. John Calvin - ANSWER-() French theologian who established a theocracy in Geneva and is best known for his theory of predestination. Charles V - ANSWER-() Hapsburg dynastic ruler of the Holy Roman Empire and of extensive territories in Spain and the Netherlands.