BIOS 255 Comprehensive Exam Questions And Answers (Verified And Updated)

BIOS 255 Comprehensive Exam Questions And Answers (Verified And Updated) What is homeostasis? - answermaintenance of a stable internal environment with the contribution of all organ systems What are the components of a homeostatic mechanism? - answer-Stimulus -Receptors -Control center -Effector -Response What is a negative feedback mechanism? - answerBody REVERSES, or goes against, an original stimulus to return to homeostasis Example: Blood glucose regulation after eating. What is a positive feedback mechanism? - answerAmplifies the change from the normal level. (Agrees with the change) Example: Childbirth, blood clotting What feedback mechanism is most common? - answernegative Inferior - answerBelow; at a lower level Superior - answerAbove; higher level Lateral - answerSide; Away from the midline of the body Proximal - answerCloser to the point of attachment Distal - answerFather away from the point of attachment Medial - answerToward the midline of the body Sagittal - answerdivides body into left and right Transverse - answerDivides body into upper and lower parts Anterior - answertoward the front of the body Posterior - answertoward the back of the body Frontal plane - answerDivides the body into anterior (front) and posterior (back) portions. Which part of the atom is involved in chemical reactions? - answerElectrons Which part of the atom makes up the atomic number? - answerProtons pH scale - answerMeasurement of hydrogen ion concentration - pH 7: Acidic -pH 7: Alkaline (basic) -pH = 7: neutral What is the main function on rough endoplasmic reticulum? - answerProtein synthesis What kind of cell division results in a diploid, increasing the number of cells? - answerMitosis How many pairs of chromosomes do humans have? - answer23 pairs What kind of cell division results in a haploid? - answerMeiosis Meiosis I - answerSplits genetic material in half, producing a diploid Meiosis II - answerSeparates sister chromatids -four haploid daughter cells -develop into egg or sperm Prophase - answerChromosomes become visible, nuclear envelope dissolves, spindle forms Metaphase - answerChromosomes line up in the middle of the cell Anaphase - answerChromosomes separate and move to opposite ends of the cell Telophase - answerChromosomes move to opposite ends of the cell and two nuclei are formed. What are the 4 types of tissues? - answerepithelial, connective, muscle, nervous What are the properties of epithelial tissue? - answer-Cells sit on basement membrane -Has apical surface and basal surface -Avascular -Polarity