Medical Assistant phlebotomy Study Guide 2024

What are the 3 veins that are located in the antecubital fossa? - Correct Answer -Median cubital vein -Cephalic vein -Basilic vein Tiger Top & Red Top Tube -Additives? -Common Tests? -How many times do you invert? -What part of the lab does this tube go to? - Correct Answer Tiger: Serum Separator tube (SST) Additive: Glass particles, silica, & thixotropic gel. Tests: chemistry, lipids, cardiac enzymes (CKMB & Troponin) Invert: 8 times Red: Additive: None Tests: chemistry Invert: 0 Chemistry part of the lab Gray Top Tubes -Additives? -Common Tests? -How many times do you invert? -What part of the lab does this tube go to? - Correct Answer Additives: Sodium fluoride & Potassium Oxalate Common tests: Fasting blood sugar, Glucose tolerance test (GTT), blood alcohol levels, and lactic acid measurements Invert: 8 times Chemistry part of the lab Green Top Tubes -Additives? -Common tests? -How many times do you invert? -What part of the lab does this tube go to? - Correct Answer Additives: Heparin, Sodium, lithium or ammonium-ion Tests: Ammonia, Carboxyhemoglobin, and STAT electrolytes Invert: 8 times Chemistry part of the lab Lavender Top Tube -Additives? -Common tests? -How many times do you invert? -What part of the lab does this tube go to? - Correct Answer **MUST fill tube 2/3** Additives: EDTA (Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid) Tests: CBC (RBC, WBC, and Platelet), WBC differential, Hemoglobin & Hematocrit determinations, Erythrocyte sedimentation Rate (ESR)/ SED rate, sickle cell screening, and lead levels. Invert: 8 times Hematology part of the lab Light Blue Top Tube -Additives? -Common Tests? -How many times do you need to invert? -What part of the lab does this tube go to? - Correct Answer **Needs to be filled completely** **9 parts blood to 1 part sodium** Additives: Sodium Citrate Common tests: Prothrombin Time (PT), Coumadin Therapy, Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (PTT), Monitors heparin therapy and bleeding time. Invert: 3-4 times Hematology part of the lab What is the order of draw? - Correct Answer 1- Sterile 2- Light Blue 3- Red / Tiger Top 4- Green 5- Lavender 6- Gray What is a hematoma? - Correct Answer The most common complication in plebotomy. This indicated that blood has accumulated in the tissue surrounding the vein. Causes: The needle going through the vein, and failure to apply enough pressure on the site after needle withdrawal. What are some factors to consider prior to performing venipuncture? - Correct Answer -Fasting -Edema -Fistula What are petechiae? - Correct Answer Tiny non-raised spots that appear on the skin from rupturing of the capillaries due to the tourniquet being left on too long or too tight. (Tiny little bruises) What is the order of draw for capillary specimens? - Correct Answer 1. Lavender Tube 2. Tubes with additives 3. Tubes without additives What is plebitis? - Correct Answer Inflammation of a vein as a result of repeated venipuncture on that vein. How many blood draws in a 3-hour glucose tolerance test? (GTT) - Correct Answer 5 sticks What are the precordial leads on an EKG? - Correct Answer V1, V2, V3, V4, V5, V6 Where is precordial lead V1 located? - Correct Answer In the fourth intercostal space, right sternal border (Above the right breast) Where is precordial lead V2 located? - Correct Answer In the fourth intercostal space, left sternal border (Above the left breast) Where is precordial lead V4 located? - Correct Answer In the fifth intercostal space, left mid-clavicular line (Right below the nipple) Where is precordial lead V5 located? - Correct Answer In the fif